Breakdown of وقتی که کشاورز به مزرعه میرود، کار را شروع میکند.
بهbe
to
کارkâr
work
رفتنraftan
to go
شروع کردنshoru' kardan
to start
راrâ
definite direct object marker
وقتی کهvaqti ke
when (conjunction)
کشاورزkeshâvarz
farmer
مزرعهmazra'e
farm
Questions & Answers about وقتی که کشاورز به مزرعه میرود، کار را شروع میکند.
Why do we use the present indicative verb میرود instead of the subjunctive after وقتی که?
Because this sentence describes a habitual, everyday fact. وقتی که means 'when' or 'at the time that'. When talking about something that happens regularly (whenever the farmer goes to the farm, he starts work), you use the present indicative. You would use the subjunctive if the 'when' referred to a specific future or uncertain event.
Is the که in وقتی که strictly necessary?
No, it is optional. You can just say وقتی کشاورز به مزرعه میرود and it means exactly the same thing. Dropping the که is very common in everyday spoken Farsi.
Why is the direct object marker را used after کار if the English translation doesn't say 'starts THE work'?
Farsi uses را to show that a direct object is specific or definite in the speaker's mind. Even though English often just says 'starts work', the Farsi sentence treats the farmer's daily chores as a specific set of tasks, so it becomes کار را.
Where is the word for 'he' before شروع میکند?
Farsi frequently drops subject pronouns like او (he/she) because the verb ending tells you who is doing the action. The -د ending on both میرود and میکند clearly points back to the کشاورز (farmer), so adding a pronoun isn't needed.
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