Questions & Answers about کیف پدر سنگین است.
Where is the word showing possession, like the "'s" in "father's bag"?
It is the hidden Ezafe particle! To show possession, Farsi uses a short "-e" sound attached to the end of the first word, making it کیفِ (kif-e). In everyday Farsi script, this short "-e" is usually not written down, but you must always say it out loud to link the possessed object to its owner.
Why is the word order کیف پدر (bag father) instead of the other way around?
In Farsi, when showing possession, the thing being owned always comes first, followed by the owner. They are connected by the Ezafe. So, you literally say "bag-e father" instead of "father's bag".
Does the Ezafe also connect the word سنگین (heavy) to the bag?
Not in this sentence! The word سنگین is an adjective, but here it is part of the statement "is heavy" rather than a connected phrase like "the heavy bag". Because it comes right before the verb است (is) to state a fact, no Ezafe is needed before it.
How do we know it means "The father's bag" when there is no word for "the"?
Farsi does not have a direct equivalent for the English word "the". Whether a noun is "a bag" or "the bag" is understood from context. Because we are talking about a specific person's bag, the English translation naturally adds "the" to make it sound correct.
Learn کیف پدر سنگین است and more in Farsi
All course content and exercises are completely free — no paywalls, no trial periods, no signup needed.
- ✓ Practice with interactive exercises
- ✓ Track your progress with spaced repetition
- ✓Learn at your own pace — completely free