Breakdown of پسران و دختران جوان خوشحال هستند.
و
and
جوان
young
خوشحال
happy
بودنbudan
to be
پسرpesar
boy / son
دخترdokhtar
girl / daughter
Questions & Answers about پسران و دختران جوان خوشحال هستند.
Why do we use پسران (pesarân) and دختران (dokhtarân) for plurals here instead of just adding -ها (-hâ)?
Both are completely correct! Adding -ها (-hâ) is the everyday way to make almost any noun plural. However, because boys and girls are living beings (animate), you can also use the special suffix -ان (-ân). This marker is very common in written Farsi, literature, and slightly more formal speech.
How does the word جوان (javân - young) connect to the nouns? Is there a hidden sound?
Yes! There is an invisible ezâfe (a short "e" sound) at the end of دختران (dokhtarân). When spoken, it links the noun directly to the describing adjective: dokhtarân-e javân. Because the boys and girls are grouped together with و (and), this single adjective gracefully applies to both groups.
Why doesn't the adjective جوان (javân) get an -ان (-ân) plural ending too?
In Farsi, when an adjective is simply describing a noun, it always stays in its base, singular form. You only add the plural markers to the nouns themselves, exactly like in English where we say "young boys" and never "youngs boys".
The verb هستند (hastand) means "they are". Do we always have to use a plural verb for plural subjects?
For living beings, yes! Because boys and girls are people (animate subjects), their verb must match them and be plural (hastand). As a quick refresher: if the subject were plural objects, animals, or ideas (inanimate), Farsi speakers would often use a singular verb ("is") instead. Living humans always get the plural verb.
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