ELONIO

The Persian months: spring and summer

The Solar Year

Iran runs on the solar Hijri calendar. The year begins at Nowruz — the spring equinox, around March 21st — so the Persian months sit shifted against the Western ones. Dates, school terms, and holidays all use these months, so they are everyday vocabulary, not trivia.

PersianOrderGregorian span
فروردین1stMar–Apr
اردیبهشت2ndApr–May
خرداد3rdMay–Jun
تیر4thJun–Jul
مرداد5thJul–Aug
شهریور6thAug–Sep

The Spring Months

فروردین opens the year — it is the month of Nowruz itself. اردیبهشت is famously the most beautiful month of the Iranian spring, and خرداد closes it as the weather warms.

Farvardin is the first month of the year.
فروردین ماهِ اولِ سال است.farvardin mâh-e avval-e sâl ast.
In Farvardin it rains.
در فروردین باران می‌آید.dar farvardin bârân mi-âyad.
Ordibehesht is a beautiful month.
اردیبهشت ماهِ زیبایی است.ordibehesht mâh-e zibâyi ast.
In Khordad the weather gets warm.
در خرداد هوا گرم می‌شود.dar khordâd havâ garm mishavad.

The Summer Months

تیر and مرداد are the heart of the Iranian summer — the hottest stretch of the year — and شهریور winds it down toward the school year.

In Tir the weather is very hot.
در تیر هوا خیلی گرم است.dar tir havâ kheyli garm ast.
Mordad is a hot month.
مرداد ماهِ گرمی است.mordâd mâh-e garmi ast.
After Mordad comes Shahrivar.
بعد از مرداد، شهریور است.ba'd az mordâd, shahrivar ast.
In Shahrivar the weather is nice.
در شهریور هوا خوب است.dar shahrivar havâ khub ast.

Saying "In a Month"

As with days of the week, Persian uses plain در, and ordering the months uses the ordinals you just learned.

Ordibehesht is the second month.
اردیبهشت ماهِ دوم است.ordibehesht mâhe dovvom ast.
Khordad is the third month.
خرداد ماهِ سوم است.khordâd mâh-e sevom ast.
Tir is the fourth month.
تیر ماهِ چهارم است.tir mâh-e chahârom ast.
Mordad is the fifth month.
مرداد ماهِ پنجم است.mordâd mâh-e panjom ast.
Practice this lesson

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