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### The Present Subjunctive Passive

When talking about official procedures, you often need to say that a form *must be filled* or a document *should be submitted*. To express the passive voice for actions that are required, desired, or uncertain, Farsi uses the **Present Subjunctive Passive**.

For simple verbs, form this by combining the past participle of the main verb (Past Stem + **ه**) with the present subjunctive of **شدن** (to become/to get). Since administrative tasks usually involve inanimate objects rather than people, you will primarily use the third-person singular (**بشود**) and third-person plural (**بشوند**).

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However, administrative language relies heavily on compound verbs formed with **کردن** (to do). For these compound verbs, you do not need a past participle. Simply replace **کردن** with the subjunctive forms of **شدن**.

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### Official Requirements

You will use this structure frequently after necessity words like **باید** (must) or formal phrases like **الزامی است که** (it is mandatory that).

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It is also required after verbs expressing intention, such as wanting or not wanting something to happen. 

Note that some compound verbs, such as **رسیدگی کردن** (to process / to handle), require a preposition (**به**). When these verbs are placed in the passive voice, the sentence becomes impersonal. The verb remains in the singular form (**بشود**), even if the object of the preposition is plural.

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### Asking Questions and Plurals

To ask about procedures, use question words like **کجا** (where) or begin the sentence with the yes/no question marker **آیا**. 

When a sentence has a standard grammatical subject (not tied to a preposition) and that subject is plural, you must use the plural auxiliary verb **بشوند**.

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### Spoken Farsi

As you might expect, spoken Farsi shortens these passive verbs in casual conversation. The singular verb **بشود** drops its final letter to become **بشه**, and the plural form **بشوند** shrinks to **بشن**. You will also hear plural nouns like **سندها** (documents) blend into **سندای**.

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Present subjunctive passive (be-shavad / be-shavand)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
This form must be filled out today.	این فرم باید امروز پر بشود.in form bâyad emruz por beshavad.
mandatory / required	الزامیelzâmi
copy (photocopy)	کپیkopi
to attach	پیوست کردنpeyvast kardan
It is mandatory that a copy of the passport be attached.	الزامی است که کپی گذرنامه پیوست بشود.elzâmi ast ke kopiye gozarnâme peyvast beshavad
request / application	درخواستdarkhâst
incomplete	ناقصnâqes
to process / to handle	رسیدگی کردنrasidegi kardan
We do not want incomplete requests to be processed.	ما نمی‌خواهیم به درخواست‌های ناقص رسیدگی بشود.mâ nemikhâhim be darkhâst-hâye nâqes residegi beshavad.
organization	سازمانsâzmân
to send / to submit (formal)	ارسال کردنersâl kardan
Must this file be sent to the organization?	آیا این پرونده باید به سازمان ارسال بشود؟âyâ in parvande bâyad be sâzmân ersâl beshavad?
expert / officer (specialist)	کارشناسkârshenâs
to archive / to file	بایگانی کردنbâygâni kardan
The expert says that this document must be archived.	کارشناس می‌گوید که این سند باید بایگانی بشود.kârshenâs miguyad ke in sanad bâyad bâygâni beshavad.
I forgot that the copy of the document must be attached.	یادم رفت که کپی سند باید پیوست بشود.yâdam raft ke kopi-ye sanad bâyad peyvast beshavad.
A report about the organization must be sent.	باید یک گزارش درباره سازمان ارسال بشود.bâyad yek gozâresh darbâre sâzmân ersâl beshavad.
The expert says it is mandatory that this request be processed quickly.	کارشناس می‌گوید الزامی است که به این درخواست سریع رسیدگی بشود.kârshenâs miguyad elzâmi ast ke be in darkhâst sari' rasidegi beshavad.
The incomplete documents must be filed.	سندای ناقص باید بایگانی بشن.sanadâ-ye nâghes bâyad bâygâni beshan.
Must this letter be written in English?	آیا این نامه باید به انگلیسی نوشته بشود؟âyâ in nâme bâyad be engelisi neveshte beshavad?
This book must be read before the exam.	این کتاب باید قبل از امتحان خوانده بشود.in ketâb bâyad qabl az emtehân khânde beshavad.
Where must all the documents be sent?	همه سندها باید به کجا فرستاده بشوند؟hame sanad-hâ bâyad be kojâ ferestâde beshavand?