When you want to talk about things you have done recently—like renting an apartment or moving your belongings—use the present perfect tense.
Forming the Present Perfect
In the previous lesson, you learned to form the past participle by replacing the final ن of the infinitive with ه.
To create the present perfect tense, take the past participle and add the present perfect endings. Because the past participle ends in the vowel ه, these endings are written with an initial ا.
| Pronoun | Ending | Example |
|---|---|---|
| من | ام | کردهام |
| تو | ای | کردهای |
| ما | ایم | کردهایم |
| شما | اید | کردهاید |
| آنها | اند | کردهاند |
For compound verbs, only the final verb takes these endings:
| I have rented a new house. | من یک خانهی جدید اجاره کردهام.man yek khâne-ye jadid ejâre kardeam. |
| We have paid the deposit to the real estate agency. | ما ودیعه را به بنگاه پرداخت کردهایم.mâ vadi'e râ be bongâh pardâkht karde-im. |
| Have you received the key? | آیا شما کلید را تحویل گرفتهاید؟âyâ shomâ kelid râ tahvil gerefte-id? |
| They have moved today. | آنها امروز اسبابکشی کردهاند.ânhâ emrooz asbâb-keshi karde-and |
The Third-Person Singular
For the third-person singular (he, she, or it), do not use a connected suffix. Instead, use the past participle followed by the separate word است.
| The landlord has signed the contract. | صاحبخانه قرارداد را امضا کرده است.sâheb-khâne gharârdâd râ emzâ karde ast. |
| He has packed the furniture. | او اثاثیه را بستهبندی کرده است.u asâsiye râ baste-bandi karde ast. |
| The landlord has taken the deposit. | صاحبخانه ودیعه را گرفته است.sâheb-khâne vadi'e râ gerefte ast. |
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