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### Impersonal Expressions of Necessity

When establishing rules, Farsi frequently uses impersonal expressions to say "it is necessary that" or "one needs to."

The two most common are:
- **لازم است** (it is necessary)
- **ضروری است** (it is essential / necessary)

Connect these phrases to the required action with the conjunction **که** (that). The verb in the dependent clause must be in the **Present Subjunctive**.

**لازم است / ضروری است** + **که** + [Present Subjunctive]

{{item:792362}}

As usual, subject pronouns can be omitted since the verb ending indicates who performs the action.

{{item:792365}}

{{item:792368}}

These expressions pair well with **تا** (so that) to explain *why* a rule is necessary. Both the required action and the result clause take the subjunctive mood.

{{item:792371}}

For compound verbs, the subjunctive prefix **بـ** goes only on the verbal part. If the verb is negative, the negative prefix **نـ** replaces it.

{{item:792374}}

{{item:792375}}

Impersonal necessity (lâzem ast ke)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
bee	زنبورzanbur
honey	عسلasal
Bees are useful insects and produce honey.	زنبورها حشره‌های مفیدی هستند و عسل تولید می‌کنند.zanbur-hâ hashare-hâ-ye mofidi hastand va asal tolid mikonand.
beekeeper	زنبوردارzanbordâr
hive	کندوkandu
smoke	دودdud
It is necessary for the beekeeper to send smoke towards the hives.	ضروری است که زنبوردار به سوی کندوها دود بفرستد.zaruri ast ke zanburdâr be su-ye kanduhâ dud beferestad.
to approach (get closer)	نزدیک شدنnazdik shodan
net / veil	توریtûri
When approaching the hive, it is necessary to wear a net hat.	وقتی که به کندو نزدیک می‌شوید، لازم است که کلاه توری بپوشید.vaghti ke be kandu nazdik mishavid, lâzem ast ke kolâh turi bepushid.
queen	ملکهmalake
The queen is bigger than all the bees.	ملکه از همه‌ی زنبورها بزرگ‌تر است.malake az hame-ye zanbur-hâ bozorg-tar ast.
It is necessary for the beekeeper to find the queen in the hive.	لازم است که زنبوردار ملکه را در کندو پیدا کند.lâzem ast ke zanburdâr malake râ dar kandu peydâ konad.
to sting	نیش زدنnish zadan
If the bees get angry, they will sting you.	اگر زنبورها عصبانی شوند، شما را نیش می‌زنند.agar zanbur-hâ asabâni shavand, shomâ râ nish mizanand.
It is necessary to move slowly so that the bees do not sting you.	لازم است که آرام حرکت کنید تا زنبورها شما را نیش نزنند.lâzem ast ke ârâm harekat konid tâ zanburhâ shomâ râ nish nazanand
sting	نیشnish
The pain of a bee sting is very severe.	درد نیش زنبور خیلی شدید است.dard-e nish-e zanbur kheyli shadid ast.
After a sting, it is necessary to rub ointment on your own skin.	بعد از نیش، لازم است که روی پوست خودتان پماد بمالید.ba'd az nish, lâzem ast ke ruye pust khodetân pomâd bemâlid.
It is necessary for the beekeeper to harvest the honey in the summer.	ضروری است که زنبوردار عسل را در تابستان برداشت کند.zaruri ast ke zanburdâr asal râ dar tâbestân bardâsht konad.
No one must approach the hive without a net hat.	هیچ‌کس نباید بدون کلاه توری به کندو نزدیک شود.hich-kas nabâyad bedun-e kolâh-e turi be kandu nazdik shavad
It is necessary to wear your net and send smoke towards the bees.	لازم است که توری خودتان را بپوشید و به سوی زنبورها دود بفرستید.lâzem ast ke tori-ye khodetân râ bepushid o be su-ye zanburhâ dud beferestid.

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