Formal concessive prepositions (alâ-raghm-e)

The Formal Preposition: علی‌رغم

To express "despite" or "in spite of" in formal Farsi, use the preposition علی‌رغم.

despite / in spite of
علی‌رغمalâ-raghm

It connects to the following noun or pronoun using the ezafe vowel. When starting a sentence, the phrase is usually separated from the main clause by a comma.

Placement in the Sentence

While starting a sentence with this preposition is common, it can also be placed in the middle of a sentence. When the phrase directly follows the subject, it is often set off by commas.

Emphasizing Obstacles

You can use this structure with both concrete objects and abstract concepts like دیرکرد (delay) or دشواری (difficulty).