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### Doubting the Past: شک داشتن که

To express uncertainty or doubt about things that may or may not have happened, use the verb **شک داشتن** (to doubt) followed by **که** (that) and a verb in the **Present Perfect Subjunctive** (ماضی التزامی).

You form the Present Perfect Subjunctive by combining the past participle of the main verb (Past Stem + **ه**) with the present subjunctive forms of **بودن** (to be):
**باشم، باشی، باشد، باشیم، باشید، باشند**

For example, the verb "to be" (**بودن**) becomes **بوده باشد** (he/she/it might have been) in the third-person singular.

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### Investigating Mysteries

This structure is perfect for discussing mysteries, evaluating claims, and talking about crimes. When a **کارآگاه** (detective) is questioning a **مظنون** (suspect), they will frequently express doubt about what happened.

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You can also use this tense to question the validity of a **سرنخ** (clue). If you think something is **جعلی** (fake), you can express doubt about its authenticity.

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### Asking Questions and Spoken Farsi

To ask someone if they harbor doubts about a past event, simply turn the sentence into a question, optionally starting with the question word **آیا**.

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As with other tenses, spoken Farsi shortens these forms in casual conversation. The verb **دارد** often becomes **داره**, the subjunctive ending **باشد** drops the final letter to become **باشه**, and the object marker **را** becomes **رو**.

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Doubt about the past (shak dâshtan ke)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
detective	کارآگاهkârâgâh
to doubt	شک داشتنshakk dâshtan
suspect	مظنونmaznun
The detective doubts that the suspect has told the truth.	کارآگاه شک دارد که مظنون حقیقت را گفته باشد.kârâgâh shak dârad ke maznun haqiqat râ gofte bâshad.
to interrogate	بازجویی کردنbâzjooyi kardan
The police will interrogate the suspect tomorrow.	پلیس فردا از مظنون بازجویی می‌کند.polis fardâ az maznun bâzju'i mikonad.
murder	قتلghatl
to deny	انکار کردنenkâr kardan
About this murder, he denied everything.	در مورد این قتل، او همه چیز را انکار کرد.dar mored-e in qatl, u hame chiz râ enkâr kard.
murderer	قاتلqâtel
I doubt that he was the murderer.	من شک دارم که او قاتل بوده باشد.man shak dâram ke u qâtel bude bâshad.
clue	سرنخsarnakh
fake / forged	جعلیja'li
We doubt that this clue was fake.	ما شک داریم که این سرنخ جعلی بوده باشد.mâ shak dârim ke in sarnakh ja'ali bude bâshad.
fingerprint	اثر انگشتasar-e angosht
The detective found a fingerprint on the table.	کارآگاه یک اثر انگشت روی میز پیدا کرد.kârâgâh yek asar-e angosht ruye miz peydâ kard.
If this fingerprint is fake, the murderer will deny everything.	اگر این اثر انگشت جعلی باشد، قاتل همه چیز را انکار می‌کند.agar in asar-e angosht-e ja'ali bâshad, qâtel hame chiz râ enkâr mikonad.
The detective doubts that he has seen that murderer.	کارآگاه شک داره که اون قاتل رو دیده باشه.kârâgâh shak dâre ke un qâtel ro dide bâshe.
The detective doubts that the suspect has stolen the evidence.	کارآگاه شک دارد که مظنون مدرک را دزدیده باشد.kârâgâh shakk dârad ke maznun madrak râ dozdide bâshad.
If this file is fake, the suspect will deny the murder.	اگه این پرونده جعلی باشه، مظنون قتل رو انکار می‌کنه.age in parvande ja'li bâshe, maznun ghatl ro enkâr mikone.
Do you doubt that the police have found a new clue?	آیا شما شک دارید که پلیس یک سرنخ جدید پیدا کرده باشد؟âyâ shomâ shak dârid ke polis yek sarnakh jadid peydâ karde bâshad?
We were not interrogating him, because his fingerprint was not there.	ما از او بازجویی نمی‌کردیم، چون اثر انگشت او آنجا نبود.mâ az u bâzjuyi nemikardim, chon asar-e angosht-e u ânjâ nabud.
About this murder, I doubt that he has told the truth.	درباره‌ی این قتل، من شک دارم که او واقعیت را گفته باشد.darbâre-ye in ghatl, man shak dâram ke u vâghe'iyat râ gofte bâshad.
Perhaps the murderer will confess to his crime tomorrow.	شاید قاتل فردا به جرم خود اعتراف کند.shâyad ghâtel fardâ be jorm-e khod e'terâf konad.
When the detective interrogated him, he realized that the clue is fake.	وقتی که کارآگاه از او بازجویی کرد، فهمید که سرنخ جعلی است.vaqti ke kârâgâh az u bâzjuyi kard, fahmid ke sarnakh ja'li ast.