Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

The Ezafe Particle

In Farsi, adjectives come after the noun they describe. To connect a noun to its adjective, you use a special grammatical link called the Ezafe.

If the noun ends in a consonant, the Ezafe is pronounced as a short "e" sound attached to the noun. This sound is usually invisible in writing, so you simply read the noun and adjective together as a pair.

Nouns Ending in a Vowel (-ye)

If a noun ends in a vowel, such as the silent ه often found at the end of words, the connecting sound changes to a "ye". To show this pronunciation in writing, a ی is added to the end of the noun before the adjective.

Notice how موزه (museum) becomes موزه‌ی when described as a "new museum". The exact same rule applies to other locations ending in a vowel, like مغازه (shop) or کوچه (alley):