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Farsi frequently borrows Arabic vocabulary, especially in legal and formal contexts. One notable borrowing is the Arabic dual suffix **ـین**, which indicates exactly two of something.

Farsi has adopted several of these as fixed everyday words for natural or logical pairs, such as **والدین** (parents), **طرفین** (both parties/sides), and **زوجین** (the couple/spouses).

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### Plural Agreement

Because Farsi grammar does not have a native dual form, it strictly treats Arabic dual nouns as standard plurals. When a dual noun is the subject, the verb must take a plural conjugation (like the suffix **ـند**).

Here is the rule in action in family court, where a couple might seek a consensual divorce (**طلاق توافقی**):

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Notice how the dual subject pairs with the plural verb **می‌خواهند**. The same plural agreement applies when discussing parents and custody (**حضانت**):

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### Legal Disputes and Settlements

These dual nouns are extremely common when describing conflicts, negotiations, and court appearances. Whether the opposing sides are reaching a settlement (**مصالحه**) or engaging in a dispute (**مجادله**), the syntactic rule remains the same: the verb is always plural.

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Arabic dual nouns (-eyn)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
the couple / spouses	زوجینzowjeyn
divorce	طلاقtalâq
consensual / by mutual agreement	توافقیtavâfoghi
The spouses want a consensual divorce.	زوجین طلاق توافقی می‌خواهند.zowjeyn talâgh-e tavâfoghi mikhâhand.
custody	حضانتhazânat
The parents must accept the custody conditions.	والدین باید شرایط حضانت را قبول کنند.vâledeyn bâyad sharâyete hezânat râ ghabul konand.
settlement / compromise	مصالحهmosâlehe
courthouse / judiciary	دادگستریdâdgostari
Both parties arrived at the courthouse for settlement.	طرفین برای مصالحه به دادگستری آمدند.tarafeyn barâye mosâlehe be dâdgostari âmadand.
petition / lawsuit	دادخواستdâdkhâst
The lawyer gave the petition for consensual divorce to the judge.	وکیل دادخواست طلاق توافقی را به قاضی داد.vakil dâdkhâst-e talâq-e tavâfoqi râ be qâzi dâd.
summons	احضاریهehzâriye
alimony / financial support	نفقهnafaghe
After the summons, the spouses discussed alimony.	بعد از احضاریه، زوجین درباره نفقه بحث کردند.ba'd az ehzâriye, zowjeyn darbâre-ye nafaqe bahs kardand.
dispute / altercation (verbal argument)	مجادلهmojâdele
The parents did not end the dispute, but rather they continued it.	والدین مجادله را تمام نکردند، بلکه آن را ادامه دادند.vâledeyn mojâdele râ tamâm nakardand, balke ân râ edâme dâdand.
Both parties should have compromised instead of a dispute.	طرفین به جای مجادله باید مصالحه می‌کردند.tarafeyn be jâye mojâdele bâyad mosâlehe mikardand.
She had to file an alimony petition yesterday.	او دیروز باید دادخواست نفقه می‌داد.u dirooz bâyad dâdkhâst nafaqe midâd.
The courthouse sent a summons for every witness.	دادگستری برای هر شاهد احضاریه فرستاد.dâdgostari barâye har shâhed ehzâriye ferestâd.
The spouses could not reach an agreement regarding custody.	زوجین نتوانستند در مورد حضانت به توافق برسند.zowjeyn natavânestand dar mored hezânat be tavâfoq beresand.
Did they choose divorce or settlement?	طلاق را انتخاب کردند یا مصالحه را؟talâq râ entekhâb kardand yâ mosâlehe râ?
The petition caused a new dispute between the two families.	دادخواست باعث مجادله‌ی جدید بین دو خانواده شد.dâdkhâst bâ'es-e mojâdele-ye jadid beyn-e do khânevâde shod.