The Anticipatory Subject: این ... که
In English, we often use the word "it" as a placeholder or "dummy" subject in sentences like "It is important that..." or "It is obvious that...". In Farsi, we use این (this/it) for the exact same purpose.
This structure allows you to state an opinion, necessity, or probability upfront, anticipating the main action that follows in a subordinate clause.
The pattern is built like this:
- این (the dummy subject)
- Adjective or Noun (e.g., important, reasonable)
- Copula (usually است)
- که (that)
- Subordinate Clause
| It is important that the ground is even, otherwise you cannot sleep comfortably. | این مهم است که زمین هموار باشد، وگرنه نمیتوانید راحت بخوابید.in mohem ast ke zamin hamvâr bâshad, vagarna nemitavânid râhat bekhâbid. |
| It is reasonable to put the groundsheet on the ground first. | این معقول است که اول زیرانداز را روی زمین بگذارید.in ma'qul ast ke avval zirandâz râ ruye zamin begzârid. |
Because these sentences usually express a necessity, recommendation, or possibility rather than a completed fact, the verb inside the subordinate clause (after که) is most often in the subjunctive mood.
| It is obvious that you need help to pitch the tent. | این بدیهی است که برای برپا کردن چادر به کمک نیاز دارید.in badihi ast ke barâye barpâ kardan-e châdor be komak niâz dârid. |
| It is dangerous to connect the tent frame incorrectly. | این خطرناک است که اسکلت چادر را اشتباه وصل کنید.in khatarnâk ast ke eskelet châdor râ eshtebâh vasl konid. |
You can pair this pattern with almost any descriptive adjective to give step-by-step instructions, offer advice, or outline possibilities.
| It is probable that there are stones in the ground and you cannot insert the peg. | این محتمل است که در زمین سنگ باشد و نتوانید میخ را فرو کنید.in mohtamel ast ke dar zamin sang bâshad va natavânid mikh râ foru konid. |
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