Learn Danish: Filosoffen fortalte hende en lang historie om moral. - The philosopher told her a long story about morality.

This is a perfect example of the Weight Principle (Vægtprincippet). In Danish, we place 'light' elements (like the short pronoun hende) before 'heavy' elements (like the long noun phrase en lang historie om moral). Putting the heavy part at the end makes the sentence flow much better.

Could we shift the heavy object and say Filosoffen fortalte en lang historie om moral hende instead?

No, that would sound very unnatural. If you place a heavy direct object before a light indirect object pronoun, you violate the Weight Principle. If you really needed to put hende at the end for emphasis, you would have to use a prepositional phrase: Filosoffen fortalte en lang historie om moral til hende.

Why is the preposition om used for 'about' in en historie om moral?

When talking about the subject matter or content of a story, book, movie, or conversation, Danish typically uses the preposition om. It is the standard equivalent to the English 'about' when denoting a topic.

Why does Filosoffen have a double 'f' when the dictionary form is filosof?

When adding the definite ending -en to filosof, the final consonant is doubled to become Filosoffen. This is a common Danish spelling rule applied to keep the preceding vowel short; without the double consonant, the 'o' would be pronounced as a long vowel.