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Croatian

Organizing a festival involves tracking a lot of moving parts. You are constantly talking about the "setting up" of equipment, the "printing" of invitations, or the "sale" of tickets. When discussing these logistical processes in Croatian, you will combine action nouns with the Genitive case.

### Action Nouns

Before you can express the object of an action, you need nouns that represent the action itself. These are often derived directly from verbs (known as verbal nouns) or are closely related nouns describing a process.

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### The Objective Genitive

When you use an action noun, the "target" or "object" of that action is placed in the Genitive case. 

In English, we typically express this relationship with the preposition "of" (e.g., the renting *of* the equipment). In Croatian, no preposition is needed; the Genitive case on the second noun does all the work.

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Notice how the stage (*pozornica*) becomes *pozornice* (Genitive) because it is the thing being set up.

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### Plural Objects

Very often, the logistical task involves multiple items. The rule remains exactly the same, but you will use the Genitive plural for the object.

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### Case Independence 

Like any noun, the action noun itself will change its case depending on its role in the sentence. It might be the subject (Nominative), the direct object (Accusative), or it might follow a preposition that requires a specific case. 

Regardless of what happens to the action noun, the object attached to it remains firmly locked in the Genitive.

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In the sentence above, *financiranjem* is in the Instrumental case because it follows the preposition *s* (with). However, the festival—the object being financed—stays in the Genitive (*festivala*).

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Here, *iznajmljivanja* takes the Genitive because of the preposition *nakon* (after), while *dvorane* (the hall) is in the Genitive because it is the object being rented. Then, *postavljanje* is in the Nominative as the subject of the second clause, while *stolica* (chairs) is in the Genitive plural as the objects being set up.

Objective genitive with verbal nouns

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Question	Answer
sponsor	sponzor
distribution (division)	podjela
We talked with the sponsor about the distribution of tasks.	Sa sponzorom smo razgovarali o podjeli zadataka.
setting up	postavljanje
The setting up of the stage starts tomorrow.	Postavljanje pozornice počinje sutra.
renting	iznajmljivanje
The sponsors paid for the renting of the equipment.	Sponzori su platili iznajmljivanje opreme.
printing	tiskanje
invitation	pozivnica
The printing of the invitations is our next step.	Tiskanje pozivnica je naš sljedeći korak.
sale	prodaja
The sale of tickets begins in the morning.	Prodaja ulaznica počinje ujutro.
financing	financiranje
We need help with the financing of the festival.	Trebamo pomoć s financiranjem festivala.
procurement	nabava
planning	planiranje
The procurement of food demands careful planning.	Nabava hrane zahtijeva pažljivo planiranje.
The planning of the event includes the distribution of the money.	Planiranje događaja uključuje podjelu novca.
Did everyone receive an invitation before the printing of the posters?	Je li svatko dobio pozivnicu prije tiskanja plakata?
After the renting of the hall, the setting up of the chairs began.	Nakon iznajmljivanja dvorane, počelo je postavljanje stolica.
The successful financing of the project depends on the procurement of materials.	Uspješno financiranje projekta ovisi o nabavi materijala.
The sale of drinks here is forbidden.	Prodaja pića ovdje je zabranjena.
The doors of the hall are closed because of the setting up of the equipment.	Vrata dvorane su zatvorena zbog postavljanja opreme.
We bought the drinks, called the sponsor and started the sale of the tickets.	Kupili smo piće, nazvali sponzora i počeli prodaju karata.