Chinese (Mandarin)

Spanish

English

Hindi

Arabic (Modern Standard)

Portuguese

Bengali

Russian

Japanese

Punjabi

German

Javanese

Malay

Telugu

Vietnamese

Korean

French

Marathi

Tamil

Urdu

Turkish

Italian

Chinese, Yue / Cantonese

Thai

Gujarati

Chinese, Jin

Chinese, Min Nan

Dari

Farsi

Polish

Pashto

Kannada

Chinese, Xiang

Malayalam

Sundanese

Hausa

Odia

Burmese

Chinese, Hakka

Ukrainian

Bihari, Bhojpuri

Tagalog

Yoruba

Bihari, Maithili

Uzbek

Sindhi

Amharic

Fula

Romanian

Oromo

Igbo

Azerbaijani

Chinese, Gan

Dutch

Kurdish, Central

Kurdish, Northern

Kurdish, Southern

Malagasy

Lahnda, Saraiki

Nepali

Sinhalese

Chittagonian

Zhuang

Khmer

Turkmen

Assamese

Madurese

Somali

Marwari

Bihari, Magahi

Haryanvi

Hungarian

Chhattisgarhi

Greek

Chewa

Dakhini

Akan, Twi

Akan, Fante

Kazakh

Chinese, Min Bei

Sylheti

Zulu

Czech

Kinyarwanda

Marwari, Dhundhari

Haitian Creole

Chinese, Min Dong

Ilocano

Quechua

Kirundi

Swedish

Hmong

Shona

Uyghur

Hiligaynon

Mossi

Xhosa

Belarusian

Balochi

Croatian

To ask what something is or what is happening, use the question word **Što** (what) followed by the verb **je** (is).

{{item:999633}}

{{item:999636}}

### Accusative Pronouns

When a pronoun is the direct object of a verb (such as *me*, *you*, *him*, or *her*), Croatian uses short accusative pronouns:

- **me** (me)
- **te** (you, singular)
- **ga** (him / it)
- **ju** (her)

### The Second Position Rule

These short pronouns are "clitics." They follow a very strict rule in Croatian: **they must take the second position in the sentence**.

This means they usually come right after the first word, regardless of whether that first word is a noun, a subject pronoun, or an adverb.

{{item:999641}}

{{item:999645}}

This rule is so strong that it dictates the sentence flow even when starting with a question word or a time word:

{{item:999643}}

{{item:999646}}

The exact same strict placement applies to the third-person pronouns **ga** (him/it) and **ju** (her):

{{item:999649}}

{{item:999652}}

Because the pronoun is securely locked into the second position, the rest of the sentence is quite flexible. In English, we usually say "The family is waiting for me at home," but in Croatian, you can start with "At home" (*Doma*) as long as the pronoun *me* takes the second spot:

{{item:999654}}

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Plural instrumental nouns (-ima, -ama)

Question	Answer
tonight	večeras
What is that tonight?	Što je to večeras?
tomorrow	sutra
What is the problem tomorrow?	Što je sutra problem?
What is lunch today?	Što je danas ručak?
What is this job?	Što je ovaj posao?
friend (f)	prijateljica
me (accusative clitic)	me
to wait for	čekati
The friend (f) is waiting for me outside.	Prijateljica me čeka vani.
to call	zvati
Why are you calling me tonight?	Zašto me zoveš večeras?
you (singular, accusative clitic)	te
I am waiting for you at home.	Ja te čekam doma.
I am calling you tomorrow.	Zovem te sutra.
him, it (accusative clitic)	ga
family (f)	obitelj
Today, the family is looking for him.	Danas ga traži obitelj.
He always listens to him.	On ga uvijek sluša.
her (accusative clitic)	ju
The family loves her a lot.	Obitelj ju puno voli.
The friend (f) needs her today.	Prijateljica ju danas treba.
At home, the family is waiting for me.	Doma me čeka obitelj.