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أقرض البنك الشركة مالا بسبب العجز المالي.

أقرض البنك الشركة مالا بسبب العجز المالي.aqrada al-banku ash-sharikata mâlan bisababi al-ajzi al-mâliyyi
The bank lent the company money because of the financial deficit.
From Lesson 375:Verbs of giving (أفعال العطاء)·Arabic (Modern Standard)

Questions & Answers about أقرض البنك الشركة مالا بسبب العجز المالي.

How does the verb أقرض handle its objects here compared to the English translation?
In English, we often use a preposition, like 'lent money to the company'. In Arabic, verbs of giving and granting (like أقرض) can take two direct objects directly. Here, الشركة is the first direct object (the receiver) and مالا is the second direct object (the thing given).
Could I rewrite this sentence to use the preposition لـ (to) for the company?
Yes, you could say أقرض البنك مالا للشركة. Both structures are correct, but using two direct objects right after the subject is a very standard and elegant feature of Arabic verbs of giving.
Why is there an extra alif at the end of مالا?
That alif is the spelling marker for the indefinite accusative case (tanwin fatha). Because it is the second direct object of the verb, it is accusative. Since it is indefinite and doesn't end in a taa marbuta or hamza, the case ending is written with a carrier alif.
Is the adjective المالي (financial) directly derived from the word مالا (money) used earlier in the sentence?
Exactly! مال is the base noun meaning money or wealth. To turn it into the adjective 'financial', Arabic adds the Nisba suffix (a yaa with a shadda), creating مالي. In this sentence, it takes the definite article الـ to match the definite noun it describes, العجز (the deficit).

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