Cardinal Numbers 0-10

Serbian counting from zero to ten is easy to recite, but a number and its noun form one grammatical unit. Један agrees like an adjective, два/две, три, четири select a special small-count pattern, and нула, пет–десет require genitive plural. That is why English ticket(s) becomes једна карта, две карте, пет карата.

This page teaches the forms, their pronunciation cues, the noun patterns they govern, and the low numerals that can decline. Larger compounds continue the same system on Cardinals 11–1000.

The Forms

DigitSerbianNote
0нулаtakes genitive plural with a count noun
1један / једна / једноagrees in gender and case
2два / дведва with masculine and neuter; две with feminine
3триsame numeral form for all genders
4четириsame numeral form for all genders
5петindeclinable cardinal in ordinary use
6шестindeclinable cardinal in ordinary use
7седамkeep the written а in careful pronunciation
8осамkeep the written а in careful pronunciation
9деветindeclinable cardinal in ordinary use
10десетindeclinable cardinal in ordinary use

Standard spelling does not show Serbian pitch accents or vowel length. Learn the number words from audio, but write the plain forms above. Distinguish ч in четири clearly; it is not ћ.

Бројимо овако: нула, један, два, три, четири, пет, шест, седам, осам, девет, десет.

We count like this: zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten.

Шифра се завршава цифрама осам, нула, четири.

The code ends in the digits eight, zero, four.

In a code, the forms simply name digits. In a quantity, they control the noun and often the predicate as well.

један Agrees and Declines

The numeral један behaves much like a hard adjective. Gender appears in the nominative phrase: један рачун, једна карта, једно место. Case changes the entire phrase.

CaseMasculineFeminineNeuter
nominativeједанједнаједно
genitiveједногједнеједног
dativeједномједнојједном
accusativeједан / једногједнуједно
instrumentalједнимједномједним
locativeједномједнојједном

Masculine accusative follows animacy: један рачун but једног колегу. There is no ordinary counting vocative form.

Путујем с једним малим кофером и једном ручном торбом.

I’m traveling with one small suitcase and one carry-on bag.

Позвала сам једног старог пријатеља на вечеру.

I invited one old friend to dinner.

Једна година је прошла брже него што смо очекивали.

One year passed more quickly than we expected.

In age expressions, the direct object is feminine accusative једну годину:

Наша најмлађа ћерка има једну годину.

Our youngest daughter is one year old.

💡
Do not memorize only један. Learn the gender set један, једна, једно, then let case produce forms such as једну and једним.

два/две, три, четири Select the Small-Count Pattern

Use два with masculine and neuter nouns and две with feminine nouns. Три and четири do not change for gender, but the noun phrase still does.

Noun genderTwoThreeFour
masculineдва нова рачунатри нова рачуначетири нова рачуна
feminineдве нове картетри нове картечетири нове карте
neuterдва слободна местатри слободна местачетири слободна места

For masculine and neuter nouns, the noun’s count form often looks like genitive singular, but adjective and predicate agreement show that this is a special paucal construction. Feminine nouns use forms that coincide with nominative plural.

Два курира су стигла у исто време.

Two couriers arrived at the same time.

Две комшинице су донеле колаче за прославу.

Two neighbors brought cakes for the celebration.

На паркингу су остала четири слободна места.

Four parking spaces remained available.

The neutral grammatical pattern is masculine два курира су стигла, with a participle in -а; feminine две комшинице су донеле has feminine plural agreement. Native usage also permits semantic masculine plural agreement in some contexts, but the paucal -а pattern is the dependable model.

нула and пет–десет Take Genitive Plural

After нула and the cardinals пет, шест, седам, осам, девет, десет, a count noun and its modifiers appear in genitive plural.

После првог круга имали смо нула бодова.

After the first round, we had zero points.

У фрижидеру има шест свежих јаја.

There are six fresh eggs in the refrigerator.

За столом је седело осам старих пријатеља.

Eight old friends were sitting at the table.

With a 5+ quantified subject, neutral predicate agreement is normally neuter singular: је седело, је стигло, је остало. The phrase denotes several people or objects, but its grammatical head behaves like a quantity.

Десет пакета је стигло пре подне.

Ten parcels arrived before noon.

Compare the full sequence:

Стигла је једна порука, стигле су две поруке, а затим је стигло још пет порука.

One message arrived, two messages arrived, and then another five messages arrived.

English changes only message/messages. Serbian changes the numeral, noun, and predicate agreement.

Prices and Everyday Counting

Currency nouns follow exactly the same system: један динар, два динара, пет динара. Digits do not cancel the rule.

Ова кеса кошта један динар, а већа кошта два динара.

This bag costs one dinar, and the larger one costs two dinars.

Додатак кошта девет динара по поруџбини.

The add-on costs nine dinars per order.

Ages use имати plus a number of years: две године but осам година.

Када смо се доселили, син је имао три године, а ћерка седам година.

When we moved, our son was three and our daughter was seven.

For reading multi-digit prices and years, continue with Reading Numbers, Years, and Prices Aloud.

Which Low Numerals Decline?

Један declines fully and normally must agree. Два/две, три, четири preserve case forms, but in contemporary speech they are usually left in their basic cardinal form. Declined forms occur especially in (formal) or carefully edited language.

FunctionTwoThreeFour
genitiveдвају / двејутријучетирију
dative, instrumental, locativeдвама / двематримачетирима

Одлука је донета уз сагласност свих четирију чланова комисије.

The decision was made with the consent of all four committee members. (formal)

Neutral conversation often restructures the phrase or leaves the numeral undeclined. The cardinals пет–десет are indeclinable; their following noun remains genitive plural even after a preposition.

Разговарала сам са пет нових клијената током сајма.

I spoke with five new clients during the trade fair.

💡
Separate the numeral’s own form from the noun it governs. Indeclinable пет does not mean the whole phrase lacks grammar: пет нових клијената still has genitive-plural modifiers and noun.

Practice Tasks

Task 1: Build Three Ticket Phrases

Say “one new ticket,” “two new tickets,” and “seven new tickets.”

Једна нова карта; две нове карте; седам нових карата.

One new ticket; two new tickets; seven new tickets. Answer: singular agreement, small-count pattern, genitive plural.

Task 2: Change the Case of један

Put “one reliable colleague” after са and “one reliable colleague” as an animate direct object.

Са једним поузданим колегом; познајем једног поузданог колегу.

With one reliable colleague; I know one reliable colleague. Answer: instrumental, then animate accusative.

Common Mistakes

Using два with a feminine noun

❌ Купила сам два карте за вечерњи воз.

Incorrect—feminine карта requires две and the agreeing form карте.

✅ Купила сам две карте за вечерњи воз.

I bought two tickets for the evening train.

Using an ordinary plural after two to four

❌ Четири нови рачуни су на столу.

Incorrect—masculine nouns after четири use the count phrase четири нова рачуна.

✅ Четири нова рачуна су на столу.

Four new bills are on the table.

Keeping the small-count form after five

❌ У фиоци је остало осам стара кључа.

Incorrect—осам requires genitive plural: старих кључева.

✅ У фиоци је остало осам старих кључева.

Eight old keys remained in the drawer.

Treating један as indeclinable

❌ Путујем са један велики кофер.

Incorrect—са requires instrumental: једним великим кофером.

✅ Путујем с једним великим кофером.

I’m traveling with one large suitcase.

Key Takeaways

  • Learn 0–10 together with their noun patterns, not as an isolated counting chant.
  • Један agrees and declines; два/две shows gender; три and четири keep one numeral form but trigger a small-count phrase.
  • Нула and пет–десет govern genitive plural and commonly take neuter singular predicate agreement.
  • Digits, prices, and ages follow the same government rules as numbers written out.
  • Declined forms of 2–4 exist but are comparatively (formal); 5–10 are indeclinable cardinals.

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