a fierbe — to boil

A fierbe means to boil — both in the sense of water reaching a boil and in the sense of cooking something by boiling it. It is a third-conjugation verb (the -e class) with two notable irregularities. First, its participle is the -t type: fiert (not fierbut), which also serves as the supine, feeds the pluperfect, and is an extremely common adjective: ou fiert, "a boiled egg." Second, in the subjunctive and where the stress lands on the stem before an -ă/-a, the diphthong ie opens to ia: să fiarbă.

Like English to boil, the Romanian verb is labile — it works both intransitively (the water boils: apa fierbe) and transitively (I boil the eggs: fierb niște ouă). The same form serves both; only the presence of an object tells you which reading is meant. Figuratively, a person can fierbe de nervi, "be seething with anger" — boiling on the inside.

Prezent indicativ

Stem fierb-, third-conjugation endings. The 1st singular and 3rd plural are bare and identical (fierb). The diphthong stays ie throughout the present.

PersonForm
eufierb
tufierbi
el / eafierbe
noifierbem
voifierbeți
ei / elefierb

Apa fierbe deja, pune pastele.

The water's boiling already, put in the pasta.

Fierb niște ouă pentru salată, vrei și tu?

I'm boiling some eggs for the salad, do you want some too?

Imperfect

Third-conjugation imperfect: the fierb- stem plus the -eam endings. The diphthong stays ie.

PersonForm
eufierbeam
tufierbeai
el / eafierbea
noifierbeam
voifierbeați
ei / elefierbeau

Pe aragazul vechi, apa fierbea într-o veșnicie.

On the old stove, the water took forever to boil.

Perfect compus

The everyday past tense: the auxiliary a avea plus the irregular -t participle fiert.

PersonForm
euam fiert
tuai fiert
el / eaa fiert
noiam fiert
voiați fiert
ei / eleau fiert

Am fiert cartofii prea mult și s-au sfărâmat.

I boiled the potatoes too long and they fell apart.

Mai-mult-ca-perfectul

The synthetic pluperfect, built on the participle stem fierse-.

PersonForm
eufiersesem
tufierseseși
el / eafiersese
noifierseserăm
voifierseserăți
ei / elefierseseră

Când m-am întors în bucătărie, supa fiersese de mult.

When I came back to the kitchen, the soup had been boiling for a while.

Viitor

The formal voi + infinitive future alongside the colloquial o să + conjunctiv.

PersonViitor (voi-form, formal)Colloquial (o să)
euvoi fierbeo să fierb
tuvei fierbeo să fierbi
el / eava fierbeo să fiarbă
noivom fierbeo să fierbem
voiveți fierbeo să fierbeți
ei / elevor fierbeo să fiarbă

O să fierb supa la foc mic vreo două ore.

I'll simmer the soup over low heat for about two hours.

Conjunctiv prezent

Identical to the indicative except in the 3rd person, where the diphthong opens from ie to ia: să fiarbă.

PersonForm
eusă fierb
tusă fierbi
el / easă fiarbă
noisă fierbem
voisă fierbeți
ei / elesă fiarbă

Lasă supa să fiarbă încet, ca să iasă gustoasă.

Let the soup simmer slowly, so it comes out tasty.

Condițional prezent

Formed with the conditional auxiliary (aș, ai, ar, am, ați, ar) plus the short infinitive fierbe.

PersonForm
euaș fierbe
tuai fierbe
el / eaar fierbe
noiam fierbe
voiați fierbe
ei / elear fierbe

Aș fierbe niște porumb, dar nu mai am pe stoc.

I'd boil some corn, but I'm out of it.

Imperativ

The singular imperative is fierbe! (identical to the 3sg present); the plural is fierbeți! The negative singular uses the bare infinitive: nu fierbe!

AffirmativeNegative
tu (sg.)fierbe!nu fierbe!
voi (pl.)fierbeți!nu fierbeți!

Fierbe ouăle exact șapte minute, ca să iasă cleioase.

Boil the eggs for exactly seven minutes, so they come out soft-centered.

Nu fierbe legumele prea mult, că-și pierd vitaminele.

Don't boil the vegetables too long, they lose their vitamins.

Forme nepersonale

FormRomanian
Infinitiv(a) fierbe
Gerunziufierbând
Participiufiert
Supinde fiert

Usage

A fierbe is labile: with no object it is intransitive (something is boiling — apa fierbe, laptele fierbe), and with an object it is transitive (you boil something — fierb ouă, cartofi, supă). There is no separate causative verb; the same form covers both, exactly the way English boil does. The participle fiert is one of the most useful adjectives in the kitchen, agreeing in gender and number: fiert, fiartă, fierți, fierteou fiert, carne fiartă, ouă fierte. Figuratively, a fierbe de nervi / de furie means to be seething.

Vreau două ouă fierte tari și o felie de pâine prăjită.

I'd like two hard-boiled eggs and a slice of toast.

Lasă-l să se calmeze, fierbe de nervi după ședință.

Let him calm down, he's seething after the meeting.

Pune carnea la fiert înainte să o adaugi în ciorbă.

Set the meat to boil before you add it to the soup.

Laptele a dat în foc — fierbe și dă pe dinafară!

The milk boiled over — it's boiling and spilling everywhere!

💡
The participle fiert is irregular: not fierbut but fiert. As an adjective it agrees — un ou fiert but ouă fierte, o legumă fiartă. Learn it as a fixed pair with the verb, the way you learn fiert alongside prăjit (fried) and copt (baked).
💡
Watch the diphthong: it stays ie through the whole present and imperfect (fierb, fierbe, fierbeam), but opens to ia in the 3rd-person subjunctive fiarbă — the same vowel that surfaces in fiartă. Stress on the stem before an a/ă triggers the ia.

Common Mistakes

Don't build a regular participle — it's the irregular -t form:

❌ Am fierbut cartofii.

Incorrect — the participle is fiert, not fierbut.

✅ Am fiert cartofii.

I boiled the potatoes.

Don't keep ie in the 3rd-person subjunctive — it opens to ia:

❌ Las supa să fierbă.

Incorrect — the 3rd-person subjunctive is să fiarbă, with ia.

✅ Las supa să fiarbă.

I let the soup simmer.

Don't reach for a separate causative — the same verb is transitive:

❌ Fac ouăle să fierbă.

Unnatural — just say fierb ouăle; the verb is transitive on its own.

✅ Fierb ouăle.

I boil the eggs.

Don't leave the participle uninflected when it's used as an adjective — it agrees:

❌ Vreau două ouă fiert.

Incorrect — the adjective agrees: plural neuter is fierte.

✅ Vreau două ouă fierte.

I'd like two boiled eggs.

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