a arăta — to show, to look (seem)

A arăta has two everyday meanings that English keeps strictly separate. The first is "to show" — to point something out or display it: Arată-mi poza ("Show me the photo"). The second is "to look / to seem" in the sense of physical appearance: Arăți bine azi! ("You look good today!"), Cum arată? ("What does it look like?"). English uses "show" for one and "look" for the other; Romanian uses the one verb, and which meaning you get depends entirely on the construction around it. When there's a thing being displayed (and usually a person it's shown to), it's "show"; when the subject is simply being a certain way to the eye, it's "look / seem."

It is a plain first-conjugation verb (infinitive in -a), with one wrinkle: the stem vowel alternates between a and ă depending on stressarăt but arătăm, arată but arătați.

Prezent indicativ

PersonForm
euarăt
tuarăți
el / eaarată
noiarătăm
voiarătați
ei / elearată
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The stem vowel tracks the stress. The first vowel is always a (the ar- of the root); the second alternates: stressed → a (arăt, arată), unstressed → it stays ă in arătăm/arătați where the ending carries the stress. Note that el arată and ei arată are identical — the 3sg and 3pl share a form, as is normal for class I.

Imperfect

PersonForm
euarătam
tuarătai
el / eaarăta
noiarătam
voiarătați
ei / elearătau

Perfect compus

Auxiliary a avea plus the regular class I participle arătat.

PersonForm
euam arătat
tuai arătat
el / eaa arătat
noiam arătat
voiați arătat
ei / eleau arătat

Mai-mult-ca-perfectul (pluperfect)

PersonForm
euarătasem
tuarătaseși
el / eaarătase
noiarătaserăm
voiarătaserăți
ei / elearătaseră

Viitor (future)

Personvoi-future (formal)o să-future (informal)
euvoi arătao să arăt
tuvei arătao să arăți
el / eava arătao să arate
noivom arătao să arătăm
voiveți arătao să arătați
ei / elevor arătao să arate

Conjunctiv prezent

The 3rd-person form is să arate — final -e (regular for class I).

PersonForm
eusă arăt
tusă arăți
el / easă arate
noisă arătăm
voisă arătați
ei / elesă arate

Condițional prezent

PersonForm
euaș arăta
tuai arăta
el / eaar arăta
noiam arăta
voiați arăta
ei / elear arăta

Imperativ

The singular is arată! (identical to the 3rd-person present), the plural arătați! The negative singular uses the infinitive: nu arăta! Clitics attach to the affirmative: arată-mi! ("show me!").

TypeSingular (tu)Plural (voi)
Affirmativearată!arătați!
Negativenu arăta!nu arătați!

Non-finite forms

FormRomanian
Infinitive (short / long)(a) arăta / arătare
Gerunziuarătând
Participiuarătat
Supinde arătat

Usage

The "show" sense, as a command with a dative clitic — arată-mi ("show me"):

Arată-mi poza pe care ai făcut-o la mare.

Show me the photo you took at the seaside.

"Show" with the person in the dative and a thing in the accusative:

Ne arată mereu pozele din vacanță.

She's always showing us her vacation photos.

The "look / seem" sense, about appearance — note there's no object here, the subject simply looks a certain way:

Arăți bine azi, te-ai odihnit?

You look good today, did you get some rest?

The same "look" sense, asking what something looks like — Cum arată?:

Cum arată noua ta colegă de cameră?

What does your new roommate look like?

"To point at" — a arăta cu degetul (literally "to show with the finger"):

Nu e politicos să arăți cu degetul spre oameni.

It's not polite to point at people.

"To look (tired, ill...)" — appearance plus an adjective:

Arăți obosit, ar trebui să te culci mai devreme.

You look tired, you should go to bed earlier.

The "show / demonstrate / prove" sense in a more abstract register — show that something is the case:

Studiul arată că orașul s-a dezvoltat rapid în ultimii ani.

The study shows that the city has grown rapidly in recent years.

The reflexive a se arăta, "to appear / show oneself" — to make an appearance or reveal a quality:

Soarele s-a arătat abia spre prânz.

The sun finally came out around noon.

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The two meanings are told apart by structure. If there's something being displayed — and usually a person it's shown to, in the dative — it's "show": îmi arată poza, arată-mi. If the subject is just appearing a certain way (with an adjective or adverb like bine, obosit, rău), it's "look / seem": arăți bine, cum arată? For "to seem" in the more abstract sense ("it seems that..."), Romanian usually prefers a părea instead.

Common Mistakes

❌ Noi aratăm filmul prietenilor.

Incorrect — when the ending is stressed, the stem vowel is ă: arătăm.

✅ Noi arătăm filmul prietenilor.

We're showing the film to our friends.

❌ Te arăți obosit azi.

Incorrect — in the 'look/seem' sense the verb isn't reflexive: arăți, not te arăți.

✅ Arăți obosit azi.

You look tired today.

❌ Arată mie unde e gara.

Incorrect — use the dative clitic attached to the imperative: arată-mi.

✅ Arată-mi unde e gara.

Show me where the train station is.

❌ Vreau să arătă cum se face.

Incorrect — the 3rd-person subjunctive of this class I verb is să arate, with -e.

✅ Vreau să arate cum se face.

I want him to show how it's done.

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Related Topics

  • Class I Present: Regular -a VerbsA1How to conjugate plain Class I (-a) verbs in the present indicative, including the bare-stem first person and the 3sg = 3pl syncretism.
  • Stem Alternations: An OverviewB1The predictable vowel and consonant alternations that reshape Romanian verb stems across the paradigm — and why learning them once pays off across the whole grammar.
  • Dative Reflexive VerbsB1The dative reflexive clitics îmi, îți, își, ne, vă, își — verbs like a-și aminti and a-și dori that act on one's own mind or in one's own interest.
  • a părea — to seemB1Full conjugation of the second-conjugation verb a părea, used mostly impersonally and with the dative, anchoring the everyday idiom îmi pare rău and the construction se pare că.
  • a vedea — to seeA1Full conjugation of a vedea (to see), the model second-conjugation verb, with its d→z consonant alternation (văd/vezi) and the irregular participle văzut.