Vár means “wait” or “expect.” Hungarian can present the awaited person or thing as a direct object—várom Annát—or as a target in -ra/-re—Annára várok. Both are current, natural patterns, but only the direct object can trigger definite conjugation. Prefixed megvár adds a bounded endpoint: someone stays until the person or event arrives or finishes.
Principal parts
The vowel á is long in the stem and remains long in all forms. Compare vár “wait” with varr “sew,” whose short a and long rr distinguish another verb.
| Function | Form | Note |
|---|---|---|
| dictionary / present 3sg | vár | long á |
| past 3sg | várt | stem + -t |
| conditional 3sg | várna | back-vowel ending |
| imperative–subjunctive 2sg | várj | stem + -j |
| infinitive | várni | stem + -ni |
| present participle | váró | “waiting; awaiting” |
Indefinite conjugation
| Person | Present | Past | Conditional | Imperative–subjunctive |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| én | várok | vártam | várnék | várjak |
| te | vársz | vártál | várnál | várj / várjál |
| ő | vár | várt | várna | várjon |
| mi | várunk | vártunk | várnánk | várjunk |
| ti | vártok | vártatok | várnátok | várjatok |
| ők | várnak | vártak | várnának | várjanak |
A bejáratnál várok egy kollégát a másik irodából.
I’m waiting at the entrance for a colleague from the other office.
Indefinite object egy kollégát selects várok. The same paradigm is used with a sublative complement, even when that complement is definite.
Definite conjugation
| Person | Present | Past | Conditional | Imperative–subjunctive |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| én | várom | vártam | várnám | várjam |
| te | várod | vártad | várnád | várd / várjad |
| ő | várja | várta | várná | várja |
| mi | várjuk | vártuk | várnánk | várjuk |
| ti | várjátok | vártátok | várnátok | várjátok |
| ők | várják | várták | várnák | várják |
A főbejárat előtt várom Zsófit, aztán együtt megyünk fel.
I’m waiting for Zsófi outside the main entrance; then we’re going upstairs together.
Már napok óta várjuk a labor eredményét.
We’ve been waiting for the laboratory result for days.
Proper-name Zsófit and possessed a labor eredményét are definite objects. The first-person past forms coincide: vártam egy hívást is indefinite, but vártam a hívásodat is definite.
Accusative or -ra/-re?
Both vár valakit/valamit and vár valakire/valamire can describe ordinary waiting, and many contexts allow either. The accusative profiles the awaited entity as the verb’s object and is especially common with direct expectation: vendéget vár can mean “expect a guest.” The sublative presents the person, thing, or event as the target toward which waiting is directed.
Ma estére vendégeket várunk, ezért korábban bezárjuk az üzletet.
We’re expecting guests this evening, so we’re closing the shop earlier.
A megállóban a harminchármas buszra várunk.
We’re waiting for bus 33 at the stop.
Várom a választ, de nem akarom sürgetni őket.
I’m waiting for the answer, but I don’t want to rush them.
Még mindig a biztosító válaszára várok.
I’m still waiting for the insurer’s answer.
The last two examples are close in meaning. The important grammatical difference is categorical even when the semantic difference is slight: a választ is an object and yields várom; a válaszára is sublative and yields várok. Do not claim that one construction is always physical and the other always abstract.
Events and clauses are especially comfortable as targets. A demonstrative can anticipate a clause:
Arra várunk, hogy végre elálljon az eső.
We’re waiting for the rain to finally stop.
Here arra carries sublative -ra, and the subordinate verb is imperative–subjunctive elálljon because the awaited event is not yet realized. With a content clause treated as an object, azt várja, hogy… means “expects that…” and selects definite conjugation.
A vezetőség azt várja, hogy péntekig mindenki válaszoljon.
Management expects everyone to respond by Friday.
Waiting through time
Hungarian present with már, óta, -ja/-je often corresponds to an English perfect progressive when the waiting continues now.
Negyven perce várok a rendelő előtt.
I’ve been waiting outside the clinic for forty minutes.
Tavaly november óta várjuk az építési engedélyt.
We’ve been waiting for the building permit since last November.
Past vártuk would normally locate the waiting in a finished past interval. English tense choices cannot be copied mechanically.
Requests, commands, and social register
The short imperatives várj “wait” and várjatok “you all wait” address familiar interlocutors (informal). Polite Hungarian uses third-person várjon for one addressee and várjanak for more than one. A bare command can sound abrupt, so service encounters often add kérem “please,” while public announcements prefer an impersonal plural request.
Várj egy pillanatot, mindjárt megmutatom a címet a térképen.
Wait a moment; I’ll show you the address on the map right away.
Kérem, várjon egy pillanatot, amíg kapcsolom az ügyintézőt.
Please wait a moment while I connect you to the agent.
Kérjük, várjanak a kijelölt területen a beszállásig.
Please wait in the designated area until boarding.
In egy pillanatot vár and tíz percet vár, the accusative phrase measures the duration. It does not name the person or event being awaited. Hungarian can therefore combine a duration and a sublative target: húsz percet vártam a buszra “I waited twenty minutes for the bus.”
The related verb várakozik describes being in a waiting state and is common in traffic rules, official notices, and reports (formal). Its location may be stated, but no awaited object is necessary.
A rakodás idején a teherautó a hátsó kapunál várakozik.
During loading, the truck waits by the rear gate.
Expected and unexpected
Hungarian derives several common adjectives from this family. Várt means “awaited/expected” when a participant had an expectation; várható means “expected, likely” and is especially useful for forecasts; váratlan means “unexpected.” These are lexical adjectives, not finite forms that select an object paradigm.
A várható érkezési idő a forgalom miatt folyamatosan változik.
The estimated arrival time keeps changing because of the traffic.
A váratlan áramszünet félbeszakította az előadást.
The unexpected power outage interrupted the presentation.
Megvár: remain until an endpoint
Megvár valakit/valamit means wait for and remain until the person, event, or process reaches the relevant endpoint. It is normally transitive.
Megvárlak a gyógyszertár előtt, ha neked úgy kényelmesebb.
I’ll wait for you outside the pharmacy if that’s more convenient for you.
Megvárlak has the special first-person-subject/second-person-object ending -lak. It is neither ordinary indefinite megvárok nor definite megvárom.
Várd meg, amíg teljesen kihűl a sütemény.
Wait until the cake cools completely.
Positive commands commonly place the prefix after the imperative: várd meg. Neutral positive statements normally keep it before the finite verb: megvártam.
A többiek nem várták meg a vita végét.
The others did not wait for the end of the debate.
Kit vártál meg az állomáson?
Who did you wait for at the station?
Negation and the question word separate the prefix. Kit also selects indefinite vártál, because an interrogative object does not trigger definite conjugation. The prefix-order guide covers the general pattern.
Elvár, kivár, and bevár
Elvár valamit valakitől means expect or require something from someone. Kivár valamit means wait something out or hold back until the right moment. Bevár valakit means wait for someone to catch up. These are separate lexical verbs.
Az ügyfelek gyors és egyértelmű tájékoztatást várnak el tőlünk.
Clients expect prompt and clear information from us.
The focused object precedes várnak, so el follows; the source of the expectation is marked by -tól/-től.
A tapasztalt kereskedő kivárta a kedvező pillanatot.
The experienced trader waited for the favorable moment.
Álljunk meg a következő kereszteződésnél, és várjuk be a lemaradókat.
Let’s stop at the next intersection and wait for those who have fallen behind.
The positive imperative várjuk be places the prefix after the verb. The people being waited for are an accusative definite object.
Infinitive and participles
Personal infinitive forms are várnom, várnod, várnia, várnunk, várnotok, várniuk.
Még tíz percet kell várnotok a következő tárlatvezetésre.
You all have to wait another ten minutes for the next guided tour.
| Form | Typical use | Register |
|---|---|---|
| várni | válaszra várni “wait for an answer” | unmarked |
| váró | a peronon váró utasok “passengers waiting on the platform” | unmarked |
| várt | a régóta várt találkozó “the long-awaited meeting” | unmarked |
| várva | a döntésre várva “while awaiting the decision” | unmarked |
| várandó | lexical adjective “pregnant” | unmarked, not a productive equivalent of English “to be awaited” |
For neutral “expected,” várható is usually the useful form: a várható érkezési idő “the expected arrival time.”
Common Mistakes
❌ Várok a barátomat a mozi előtt.
Incorrect — this mixes sublative-style várok with an accusative definite object.
✅ Várom a barátomat a mozi oldalsó bejáratánál.
I’m waiting for my friend at the cinema’s side entrance.
❌ A buszra várom már húsz perce.
Incorrect — a sublative complement requires indefinite várok.
✅ A buszra várok már húsz perce a lezárt megálló mellett.
I’ve been waiting for the bus for twenty minutes beside the closed stop.
❌ Nem megvártuk a számla javított változatát.
Incorrect — neutral negation separates meg- from the verb.
✅ Nem vártuk meg a számla javított változatát.
We did not wait for the corrected version of the invoice.
❌ Két óra óta vártam itt, és még mindig nem jött senki.
Incorrect — continuing waiting up to now normally takes present tense.
✅ Két órája várok itt, és még mindig nem jött senki.
I’ve been waiting here for two hours, and still no one has come.
Key Takeaways
- The principal forms are vár – várt – várna – várj – várni – váró.
- Both accusative várom a buszt and sublative a buszra várok are natural; their conjugations differ.
- Present tense expresses waiting that continues now: negyven perce várok.
- Familiar várj contrasts with polite várjon; a duration such as tíz percet is an accusative measure phrase.
- Megvár presents waiting through an endpoint; positive command várd meg places the prefix after the verb.
- Elvár valamit valakitől expresses expectation or requirement with a source in -tól/-től.
- Lexical várandó means “pregnant”; use várt or várható for ordinary expected/awaited meanings.
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