| A child is coming. | 아이가 와요. |
| A child is coming.(a-i-ga wa-yo) | 아이가 와요. |
| A child is going. | 아이가 가요. |
| A child is going. (a-i-ga ga-yo) | 아이가 가요. |
| A friend is coming. | 친구가 와요. |
| A friend is coming. (chin-gu-ga wa-yo) | 친구가 와요. |
| A friend is going. | 진구가 가요. |
| A friend is going. (chin-gu-ga ga-yo) | 친구가 가요. |
| a korean + Nom. Part. (han-guk-sa-ram-i) | 한국사람이 |
| apple | 사과 |
| apple (sa-gwa) | 사과 |
| backpack (baenang) | 배낭 |
| backpack +Nom. marker (bae-bang-i) | 배낭이 |
| bag | 가방 |
| bag (ga-bang) | 가방 |
| bed (chim-dae) | 침대 |
| book (chaeg) | 책 |
| butterfly | 나비 |
| butterfly (nabi) | 나비 |
| cat (go-yang-i) | 고양이 |
| cat +Nom. marker (go-yang-i-ga) | 고양이가 |
| chair | 의자 |
| chair (uija) | 의자 |
| child | 아이 |
| child (a - i) | 아이 |
| child + Nom. particle | 아이가 |
| child + Nom. particle (a-i-ga) | 아이가 |
| computer (keom-pyu-teo) | 컴퓨터 |
| computer +Nom. marker (keompyuteo-ga) | 컴퓨터가 |
| desk | 책상 |
| desk (chaeg-sang) | 책상 |
| dog (gae) | 개 |
| dog + Nominativ marker (gae-ga) | 개가 |
| friend | 친구 |
| friend (chin-gu) | 친구 |
| friend + Nom. particle | 친구가 |
| friend + Nom. particle (chin-gu-ga) | 친구가 |
| in front of (ap-e) | 앞에 |
| in front of the house (jib ap-e) | 집 앞에 |
| in winter (gyeo-ul-e) | 겨울에 |
| is (formal) (ibnida pron. : imnida) | 입니다 |
| is ? (formal) (ibnigga /pronounced imnigga) | 입니까 |
| is situated /se trouve /there is /there are (informal polite) (iss-eo-yo) | 있어요 |
| is (after consonant /informal) | 이에요 |
| is (after consonant /informal) (i-e-yo) | 이에요 |
| is (formal) | 입니다 |
| is ? (formal) | 입니까 |
| is coming | 와요 |
| is coming (wa-yo) | 와요 |
| is good | 좋아요 |
| is good (joh-a-yo) | 좋아요 |
| is situated /se trouve / befindet sich (formal polite) (iss-seub-ni-da) (b before m/n pronounced m- > iss-seum-ni-da) | 있습니다 |
| It is a butterfly. (formal) | 나비입니다. |
| It is a bag. (formal) | 가방입니다. |
| It is a bag. (formal) (ga-bang ib-ni-da) | 가방입니다. |
| It is a butterfly. | 나비입니다. |
| It is a butterfly. (formal) (Na-bi ib-ni-da) | 나비입니다. |
| It is a butterfly. (formal) (Nabi ibnida) | 나비입니다. |
| It is a chair. (formal) | 의자입니다. |
| It is a chair. (formal) (uija ibnida.) | 의자입니다. |
| It is a desk. (formal) | 책상입니다. |
| It is a desk. (formal) (chaeg-sang ib-ni-da) | 책상입니다. |
| It is a mother. (formal) | 어머니입니다 |
| It is a mother. (formal) | 어머니입니다. |
| It is a mother. (formal)(eo-meo-ni ib-ni-da) | 어머니입니다. |
| It is a mother. (formal)(eomeoni ibnida) | 어머니입니다. |
| It is a pencil. (formal) | 옌필입니다. |
| It is a pencil. (formal) (yeon-pil ib-ni-da) | 옌필입니다. |
| It is a student. (formal) | 학생입니다. |
| It is a student. (formal) (hag-saeng ib-ni-da) | 학생입니다. |
| It is an apple. (formal) | 사과입니다. |
| It is an apple. (formal) | 사과입니다. |
| It is an apple. (formal) (Sa-gwa ib-ni-da) | 사과입니다. |
| It is an apple. (formal) (Sa-gwa ibnida) | 사과입니다. |
| it is not | 아니다 |
| it is not (anida) | 아니다 |
| It is snowing. (lit. Snow is coming.) (Nun-i wa-yo.) | 눈이 와요. |
| it's (short form) | 예요 |
| it's (short form) (yeyo) | 예요 |
| It's a bag. (informal) | 가방이에요. |
| It's a bag. (informal) (ga-bang i-e-yo) | 가방이에요 |
| It's a butterfly. | 나비 예요. |
| It's a butterfly. (nabi yeyo) | 나비예요. |
| It's a chair. | 의자예요. |
| It's a chair. (uija yeyo) | 의자예요. |
| It's a desk. (informal) | 책상이에요 |
| It's a desk. (informal) (chaeg-sang i-e-yo) | 책상이에요 |
| It's a mother. | 어머니 예요. |
| It's a mother. (eomeoni yeyo) | 어머니예요 |
| It's a pencil. (informal) | 연필이에요 |
| It's a pencil. (informal) (yeon-pil i-e-yo) | 연필이에요 |
| It's a student (informal) | 학생이에요. |
| It's a student (informal) (hag-saeng i-ye-yo) | 학생이에요 |
| It's an apple. | 사과 예요. |
| It's an apple. (sagwa yeyo) | 사과예요. |
| jib (b at syllable end = p/except another vowel is following as e. g. jib ap-e) | 집 |
| mother | 어머니 |
| mother (eomeoni) | 어머니 |
| mouse (jwi) | 쥐 |
| mouse +Nom. marker (jwi-ga) | 쥐가 |
| Nominativ particle - after consonant (i) | 이 |
| Nominativ particle after vowel | 가 |
| Nominativ particle after vowel (ga) | 가 |
| on the desk | 책상 위에 |
| on top of / on (wi-e) | 위에 |
| on top of the chair (ui-ja wi-e) | 의자 위에 |
| pencil | 연필 |
| pencil (yeon-pil) | 연필 |
| person /man (sa-ram) | 사람 |
| person /man + Nom. Part. (sa-ram-i) | 사람이 |
| shoes (gu-du) | 구두 |
| Shoes + nom. marker (gu-du-ga) | 구두가 |
| snow (nun) | 눈 |
| snow + Nom. part. (nun-i) | 눈이 |
| student | 학생 |
| student (hag-saeng) | 학생 |
| that | 그것 |
| That (topic) is not a chair(subject - nom) | 그것은 의자가 아니다. |
| that (used when the object is nearby the listener) ( geu-geot /s at word end pronounced t) | 그것 |
| that + topic marker | 그것은 |
| that + topic marker (geu-geos-eun) | 그것은 |
| That is not a chair. (geu-geos-eun ui-ja-ga a-ni-da.) | 그것은 의자가 아니다. |
| That is not a pencil. | 그것은 연필이 아니다. |
| That is not a pencil. (geu-geos-eun yom-pil-i a-ni-da.) | 그것은 연필이 아니다. |
| that over there | 저것 |
| that over there (used when the object is far from both speaker and listener) (jeo-geot /s at word end pronounced t) | 저것 |
| that over there +topic marker | 저것은 |
| that over there +topic marker (jeo-geos-eun) | 저것은 |
| That over there is not a butterfly. (jeo-geos-eun na-bi-ga a_ni-da.) | 저것은 나비가 아니다. |
| That over there is not a butterfly.(subject - nom) | 저것은 나비가 아니다. |
| The /a korean is going. (Han-guk-sa-ram-i ga-yo.) | 한국사람이 가요. |
| The apple(Nom.) is on the chair. (sa-gwa-ga ui-ja wi-e iss-eo-yo.) | 사과가 의자 위에 있어요. |
| The backpack is in front of the desk.(informal polite) (bae-nang-i chaeg-sang ap-e iss-eo-yo.). | 배낭이 책상 앞에 있어요. |
| The bag (Nom.) is under the chair.(ga-bang-i ui-ja mit-e iss-eo-yo.) | 가방이 의자 밑에 있어요. |
| The book (Nom.) is on the desk. (chaeg-i chaeg-sang wi-e iss-eo-yo.) | 책이 책상 위에 있어요. |
| The butterfly is on the apple. (na-bi-ga sa-gwa wi-e iss-eo-yo.) | 나비가 사과 위에 있어요. |
| The cat (Nom. ) is on the desk. (go-yang-i-ga chaeg-sang wi-e iss-eo-yo.) | 고양이가 책상 위에있어요. |
| The computer is on the desk. (Keom-pyu-teo-ga chaeg-sang wi-e iss-seub-ni-da. | 컴퓨터가 책상 위에 있습니다. |
| The dog (Nom.) is on the chair.(gae-ga ui-ja wi-e iss-eo-yo. | 개가 의자 위에 있어요. |
| The dog is in front of the house. (Gae-ga jib ap-e iss-eo-yo.) (informal polite) | 개가 집 앞에 있어요. |
| The dog is in front of the house. (Gae-ga jib ap-e iss-seub-ni-da.) (formal polite) | 개가 집 앞에 있습니다. |
| The pencil (Nom.) is (situated) on the desk. (inf. pol) (yeon-pil-i chaeg-sang wi-e iss-eo-yo.) | 연필이 책상 위에 있어요. |
| The shoes are under the bed. (gu-du-ga chim-dae mit-e iss-seub-ni-da.) | 구두가 침대 밑에 있습니다. |
| the student | 헉 생 |
| the student + Nominativ particle (hag-saeng-i) | 헉생이 |
| the weather | 날씨 |
| the weather (nal-ssi) | 날씨 |
| the weather +Nom. particle | 날씨가 |
| the weather +Nom. particle (nal-ssi-ga) | 날씨가 |
| The weather is good. | 날씨가 좋아요. |
| The weather is good. (nal-ssi-ga joh-a-yo) | 날씨가 좋아요. |
| The/a student is coming. (Hag-saeng-i wa-yo.) | 학생이 와요 |
| The/a student is going. (Hag-saeng-i ga-yo.) | 학생이 가요 . |
| There are butterflies (Nom.) in winter. (gyeo-ul-e na-bi-ga iss-eo-yo) | 겨울에 나비가 있어요. |
| There is a computer on the desk. (Chaeg-sang wi-e keom-pyu-teo-ga iss-seub-ni-da. | 책상 위에 컴퓨터가 있습니다. |
| There is a mouse under the desk. /The mouse is under the desk. (jwi-ga chaeg-sang mit-e iss-eo-yo.) | 쥐가 책상 밑에 있어요. |
| this | 이것 |
| This (topic) is not an apple. (subject - nom) | 이것은 사과가 아니다. |
| This (topic) is not an apple. (subject - nom) (i-geos-eun sa-gwa-ka a-ni-da.) | 이것은 사과가 아니다. |
| this (used when the object is nearby the speaker) (i-geot - s at word end = t) | 이것 |
| this + topic marker | 이것은 |
| this + topic marker (i-geos-eun) | 이것은 |
| to be good | 좋다 |
| to be good (joh-da) | 좋다 |
| to come | 오다 |
| to come (o-da) | 오다 |
| topic marker after consonant (eun) | 은 |
| topic particle after vowel (neun) - The topic marker marks the word of the sentence, that we are describing e.g. 'This is an apple.' We are talking about what 'this' is like, if it is big, or red, if it is an apple or sthg else... so 'this' is our topic. | 는 |
| under (mit-e) | 밑에 |
| under the desk (chaeg-sang mit-e) | 책상 밑에 |
| what | 뭐 |
| what (formal) | 무엇 |
| what (formal) (mw-eos) (s silent when no vowel follows) | 무엇 |
| what (mwo) | 뭐 |
| What is it? | 뭐 예요 ? |
| What is it? (formal) | 무엇입니까 ? |
| What is it? (formal) (mw-eos ibnigga) | 무엇입니까 ? |
| What is it? (mwo yeyo) | 뭐예요 ? |
| winter (gyeo-ul) | 겨울 |