Üç kişi hariç bütün sınıf sınavı geçti.

Both bütün and tüm can be translated into English as all or whole.

However, while they are often used interchangeably, there can be some subtle differences in usage and nuance between the two words. Bütün can sometimes imply a more collective or integral sense, referring to the whole of something, whereas tüm can sometimes be used in a more distributive sense, referring to all individual members of a group.

For example:

Ben hariç .... Excluding me.....

Öğretmenler hariç, Excluding the teachers