Learn Turkish: Şirketler kazanç sağladığı ölçüde devlete katkı yapar. - Companies make a contribution to the state to the extent that they make a profit.

The verb sağlamak takes the -dık participle and the third-person possessive suffix to become sağladığı. When paired with ölçüde (the locative form of measure), it creates a clause meaning in the measure of their providing, or to the extent that they make.

The subject is plural (şirketler). Why is the participle singular (sağladığı) rather than plural (sağladıkları)?

In Turkish, non-human plural subjects like companies usually take singular verb and participle endings. While sağladıkları is grammatically possible, sağladığı sounds much more natural for institutions or abstract concepts.

Why do we use sağlamak for making a profit, but yapmak for making a contribution?

English uses make for both, but Turkish relies on specific verb pairings. Kazanç sağlamak is the standard phrase for to make or secure a profit, whereas to make a contribution translates to katkı yapmak or katkıda bulunmak.

Why is the main verb yapar in the aorist tense?

The aorist tense expresses general truths, habits, and universal principles. Since this sentence describes a general rule of economics rather than a specific event happening right now, the aorist is the correct choice.