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Tren hızlandıktan sonra sarsıntıdan fenalaştı.

Tren hızlandıktan sonra sarsıntıdan fenalaştı.
After the train accelerated, he felt unwell from the jolt.
From Lesson 366:Expressing physical cause (-dan / -den)·Turkish

Breakdown of Tren hızlandıktan sonra sarsıntıdan fenalaştı.

tren
train
sonra
after
hızlanmak
to accelerate
sarsıntı
jolt / tremor
fenalaşmak
to feel unwell

Questions & Answers about Tren hızlandıktan sonra sarsıntıdan fenalaştı.

The lesson is about the ablative case for cause. Why use sarsıntıdan instead of sarsıntı yüzünden?
Both work and mean almost the same thing! However, using just the bare ablative ending -DAn is a very natural and concise way to express a direct physical or emotional cause. The jolt directly triggered the physical reaction, so sarsıntıdan (from the jolt) is perfect here.
Why is there a -tan in hızlandıktan sonra? Does that also show cause?
No, that is part of a fixed grammatical structure. To say 'after doing something', Turkish uses the verb stem plus -DIktAn sonra. Even though it contains the ablative ending -tAn, it acts as a time marker here ('after accelerating'), not a cause marker.
How is the verb fenalaştı built from the word fena?
It comes from the adjective fena (bad). The suffix -laş is added to nouns or adjectives to mean 'to become' that state. So fenalaşmak means 'to become bad' or 'to get worse', which is commonly used to say someone suddenly felt sick, faint, or unwell.
The sentence starts with Tren, but the translation says 'he felt unwell'. How do we know the train isn't the subject of fenalaştı?
Grammatically, Tren sits at the front, but context makes the real meaning clear. Since a train cannot physically feel sick, Turkish speakers naturally understand that Tren is only the subject of the first action (hızlandıktan - the train accelerated), while a hidden 'he' or 'she' is the subject of the main verb (fenalaştı).

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