Learn Turkish: Restoran kapalı. - The restaurant is closed.

In Turkish, there is no direct equivalent to the verb "to be" (am/is/are) as a separate word. For the "he/she/it" form (is), you usually don't even need a suffix at this level! So Restoran kapalı literally translates to "Restaurant closed," and the "is" is simply understood.

Why isn't there a word for "The" before Restoran?

Turkish does not have a definite article like the English word "the". A bare noun like restoran can mean "a restaurant", "restaurants in general", or "the restaurant". We know it means "the restaurant" here based on the context of talking about a specific place being closed.

Is kapalı related to the word for door (kapı)?

Yes, they share the same root! The verb kapatmak or kapamak means "to close." From this core idea, we get the noun kapı (door) and the adjective kapalı (closed or shut). Recognizing these shared roots will help you memorize new vocabulary much faster.