Learn Turkish: Bu aynı tat. - This is the same taste.

Turkish doesn't have a definite article like "the". The word aynı (same) inherently points to a specific thing, so the definiteness is simply understood from the context.

Why isn't the "is" suffix (-tır) used at the end of the sentence?

In everyday spoken and written Turkish, the third-person "to be" suffix (-dır/-dir/-tır/-tir) is very often dropped. Saying Bu aynı tat is completely natural. You could say Bu aynı tattır, but it would sound more formal or like a strict factual statement.

This lesson is about adding possessive suffixes to make pronouns. Can we do that with the word aynı?

Yes! In this sentence, aynı is just an adjective describing tat. But if you drop the noun, you can add the third-person possessive suffix (-sı) to turn it into a pronoun: aynısı (the same one). For example, Bu aynısı means "This is the same one," which perfectly matches the grammar you are learning right now!

Does the word tat (taste) change if we need to add a vowel suffix to it?

Yes, it follows the consonant mutation rule. If you wanted to talk about a specific food and say "its taste" by adding the possessive suffix -ı, the hard t at the end softens to a d, making it tadı.