Learn Turkish: Öğrenci burs alacaksa, değişim programına katılacak. - If the student is going to get a scholarship, he will join the exchange program.

It combines the verb root al- (to get/take) with the future tense suffix -acak and the conditional suffix -sa. Together, they form the future conditional meaning 'if he is going to get' or 'if he will get'.

Why does programına have -ına at the end?

It is made of a few parts! First, değişim programı (exchange program) is a compound noun, which requires the possessive suffix -ı on the word program. Then, because the verb katılmak (to join) always takes the dative case (to/towards), we must add -a. The -n- in the middle is just a buffer letter to connect them.

Why doesn't katılacak have a personal ending for 'he'?

In Turkish, the third-person singular ('he', 'she', or 'it') does not take a personal suffix. Since öğrenci (student) is the subject of the first part of the sentence, it is understood from context that the student is also the subject of katılacak.

Where does the word değişim come from?

It comes from the verb değişmek, which means 'to change'. Adding the suffix -im turns the verb into a noun meaning 'exchange' or 'change'.