Breakdown of Anne emzik verene kadar bebek ağladı.
bebek
baby
ağlamak
to cry
anne
mother
vermek
to give
kadar
as ... as; until, up to
emzik
pacifier
Questions & Answers about Anne emzik verene kadar bebek ağladı.
How is verene kadar formed to mean 'until she gave'?
We take the verb root ver (give), add the participle -en, and then the dative suffix -e. Followed by kadar, the whole block verene kadar literally means 'until giving'. In this structure, the verb root always takes -(y)ene or -(y)ana depending on vowel harmony.
Why doesn't verene have a suffix to show that the mother is doing the giving?
The -(y)ana kadar / -(y)ene kadar grammar pattern does not take personal endings. The verb ending doesn't change to match the subject (like 'I', 'you', or 'she'). We know the mother is the one giving the pacifier simply because the word Anne is placed at the start of that action's phrase.
Why are there two different subjects (anne and bebek) in this sentence?
Why is emzik (pacifier) in its plain form instead of taking the accusative ending to become emziği?
It stays emzik because it is a general, non-specific object here (the mother is giving 'a' pacifier). If the sentence meant giving a specific, previously mentioned pacifier ('the' pacifier), it would take the specific accusative case and become emziği.
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