Breakdown of Tezi savunduktan sonra makale yayımlıyor.
sonra
after
tez
thesis
makale
article
savunmak
to defend
Questions & Answers about Tezi savunduktan sonra makale yayımlıyor.
How does the ending on savunduktan work to mean "after defending"?
To say "after doing" something, you take the verb root, which is savun- (defend). You add the suffix -dık (which becomes -duk here because of vowel harmony), and then add the "from" ending -tan. Always follow this combination with the word sonra. Literally, it is like saying "from the defending, after."
Why does tezi have an -i at the end, while makale doesn't have any ending?
The word tez (thesis) gets the specific direct object ending (-i) because it refers to a known, specific thing: "the" thesis. On the other hand, makale (article) is left in its plain, dictionary form because it refers to an unspecified object: "an" article. If she were publishing "the" specific article, it would be makaleyi yayımlıyor.
The verb for "publish" is yayımlamak. Why is it spelled yayımlıyor instead of yayımlayor here?
When a verb root ends in a wide vowel like -a or -e, that vowel "narrows" when the continuous tense suffix -yor is added. Here, the -a at the end of yayımla- changes to an -ı to match the rules of vowel harmony, giving us yayımlıyor.
Where is the word for "she" in this sentence? Could it also mean "he"?