Questions & Answers about Adam büyük örümcekten nefret etti.
Why is there a -ten suffix on örümcek? Shouldn't the spider be the direct object?
In English, you just hate 'something', but in Turkish, you hate from something. The verb nefret etmek (to hate) always requires the thing you hate to be in the ablative case (the 'from' case). So, literally, the man hated from the big spider.
The 'from' suffix is usually -dan or -den. Why is it -ten here?
This happens because of a pronunciation rule. The word örümcek ends in k, which is a voiceless, hard consonant (part of the 'Fıstıkçı Şahap' group). Because of this, the soft d at the start of -den hardens into a t to match it, making it -ten.
Why doesn't the adjective büyük (big) get the -ten ending as well?
In Turkish, adjectives never take case endings to match the noun they describe. The case ending only goes on the noun itself, which is why only örümcek gets the -ten suffix.
Why is the verb split into two words (nefret etti)?
Nefret etmek is a compound verb. Nefret is a noun meaning 'hate', and etmek is the helper verb 'to do' or 'to make'. In this sentence, etmek is conjugated in the simple past tense for 'he/she/it' (etti).
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