Explicit Time Framing in Relative Clauses
Turkish normally uses a single suffix for subject relative clauses. But when you need to explicitly emphasize that an action is completed or will happen in the future, you can use a two-word compound structure with olan (the relative form of olmak).
Completed Actions: -mIş olan
To describe someone who has already completed an action, add -mIş (following 4-way vowel harmony) to the verb root, followed by the separate word olan ("who has [verb]ed").
| The candidate who attended yesterday's interview brought a good resume. | Dünkü mülakata katılmış olan aday, iyi bir öz geçmiş getirdi. |
| In yesterday's meeting, I saw the manager who has determined the new criteria. | Dünkü toplantıda, yeni kriterleri belirlemiş olan müdürü gördüm. |
Future Actions: -(y)AcAk olan
To describe someone who will perform an action, add the future tense suffix -(y)AcAk (with 2-way vowel harmony and consonant mutation) to the verb root, followed by olan ("who will [verb]").
| The worker who will apply for this position is preparing a resume. | Bu pozisyona başvuracak olan işçi, öz geçmiş hazırlıyor. |
| How much salary did the staff member who will join the team ask for? | Ekibe katılacak olan eleman ne kadar maaş istedi? |
Discussing Qualifications and Roles
This time-framing is incredibly useful in professional settings, like reviewing a candidate's background or assigning project roles.
| The young people who have gained these qualifications are very lucky. | Bu nitelikleri kazanmış olan gençler çok şanslı. |
| The team that will do analysis in this project is quite dynamic. | Bu projede analiz yapacak olan takım oldukça dinamik. |
Notice how these relative clauses clearly separate past experience from future actions, allowing you to elegantly combine past qualifications with future expectations in a single sentence.
| The candidates who have gained this qualification will apply tomorrow. | Bu niteliği kazanmış olan adaylar yarın başvuracak. |