Welcome to the library! Today, we will learn how to talk about rules and consequences based on what people are doing right now.
The Present Continuous Conditional: -(I)yorsa
To express a condition based on an action currently underway ("if [subject] is doing..."), combine the present continuous suffix -(I)yor with the conditional suffix -sa.
Because -yor always ends in the consonant r, the conditional suffix directly attaches to it and is always spelled -sa. For the third-person singular ("if he/she/it is doing"), the ending is simply -(I)yorsa.
| If he is listening to music in the library, he is wearing headphones. | Kütüphanede müzik dinliyorsa kulaklık takıyor. |
| If the man is whispering, he is disturbing the student. | Adam fısıldıyorsa öğrenciyi rahatsız ediyor. |
| If the woman is concentrating, she is reading her book quietly. | Kadın konsantre oluyorsa kitabını sessizce okuyor. |
Negative and Plural Forms
To make this condition negative ("if [subject] is not doing"), use the negative continuous form before adding the conditional: -m(I)yorsa.
When talking about a plural subject ("if they are doing"), the plural suffix -lar is inserted between the present continuous tense and the conditional: -(I)yorlarsa.
| Form | Structure | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Affirmative (O) | Verb + -(I)yorsa | okuyorsa | if he/she is reading |
| Negative (O) | Verb + -m(I)yorsa | okumuyorsa | if he/she is not reading |
| Plural (Onlar) | Verb + -(I)yorlarsa | okuyorlarsa | if they are reading |
Here are some examples of library rules applied to groups, as well as what happens when someone isn't following the expectations:
| If the student is not wearing headphones, the teacher is warning him. | Öğrenci kulaklık takmıyorsa öğretmen onu uyarıyor. |
| If they are whispering for the project, they are not bothering anyone. | Proje için fısıldıyorlarsa kimseyi rahatsız etmiyorlar. |
| If the students are studying together, they are talking quietly. | Öğrenciler beraber çalışıyorlarsa sessizce konuşuyorlar. |