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### Negative subject relative clauses (-mayan / -meyen)

To describe someone or something that *does not* perform an action (like "the voters who do not vote"), use the negative subject relative participle. 

To form it, add the negative suffix (**-ma** or **-me**), the buffer **-y-**, and the relative suffix (**-an** or **-en**) to the verb stem. Because the negative suffix ends in a vowel, this always results in **-mayan** or **-meyen**, depending on vowel harmony.

| Verb | Negative Participle | Meaning |
| --- | --- | --- |
| çalışmak | çalışmayan | who doesn't work |
| gitmek | gitmeyen | who doesn't go |
| vermek | vermeyen | who doesn't give |

Place the participle directly before the noun it describes.

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### Describing candidates and campaigns

During an election (**seçim**), you can use this structure to describe actions that candidates or politicians do not take.

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### Civic participation and outcomes

The negative relative clause works the exact same way for other topics, like whether citizens head to the ballot box (**sandık**). 

The participle itself never changes for singular or plural subjects; only the noun it describes takes a plural marker if needed.

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Negative subject relative clauses (-mayan / -meyen)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
election	seçim
vote	oy
voter	seçmen
There is an election in May and the voters who do not vote are sitting at home.	Mayıs'ta seçim var ve oy vermeyen seçmenler evde oturuyor.
result	sonuç
No voter who does not vote likes the result.	Oy vermeyen hiçbir seçmen sonucu beğenmiyor.
campaign	kampanya
candidate	aday
The candidate who does not work in the campaign is losing the election.	Kampanyada çalışmayan aday seçimi kaybediyor.
Candidates who do not campaign are not successful.	Kampanya yapmayan adaylar başarılı değil.
politician	siyasetçi
My candidate is an honest politician who does not tell lies.	Benim adayım yalan söylemeyen dürüst bir siyasetçi.
rally	miting
Does the politician who does not hold a rally lose votes?	Miting yapmayan siyasetçi oy kaybediyor mu?
ballot box	sandık
The voters who do not participate in the rally do not vote at the ballot box either.	Mitinge katılmayan seçmenler sandıkta da oy vermiyor.
The officer who does not go to the ballot box gets a punishment.	Sandığa gitmeyen memur ceza alıyor.
government	hükümet
The people who do not support the government are waiting for a result.	Hükümeti desteklemeyen insanlar sonuç bekliyor.
Let the government that does not help the public not expect a good result.	Halka yardım etmeyen hükümet iyi bir sonuç beklemesin.