Negative Obligation: "Must Not" and "Should Not"
To express prohibitions ("must not") or negative advice ("should not"), add the negative suffix -ma / -me right before the obligation suffix -malı / -meli.
Combined, they form:
- Back vowels (a, ı, o, u): -mamalı
- Front vowels (e, i, ö, ü): -memeli
Just like the positive form, the third person ("he", "she", "it", or plural noun subjects) takes no personal endings.
| The workers must not enter the mine. | İşçiler madene girmemeli. |
| The children must not get lost inside the cave. | Çocuklar mağaranın içinde kaybolmamalı. |
Giving Warnings: "You must not"
To warn someone directly, attach the second-person endings -sın / -sin (informal singular) or -sınız / -siniz (plural or formal).
- Singular: Verb + -mamalısın / -memelisin
- Plural/formal: Verb + -mamalısınız / -memelisiniz
| This job is very dangerous, you must not leave your hard hat. | Bu iş çok tehlikeli, baretini bırakmamalısın. |
| This cave is dangerous, you must not drop your flashlight. | Bu mağara tehlikeli, fenerini düşürmemelisin. |
| You must not dig a tunnel at night. | Gece tünel kazmamalısınız. |
Group Rules: "We must not"
For group rules ("we must not"), use the first-person plural ending. Since the obligation suffix ends in a vowel, insert the buffer consonant -y- before attaching -ız / -iz.
- We must not: Verb + -mamalıyız / -memeliyiz
| This mine is very dangerous, we must not dig deeper. | Bu maden çok tehlikeli, daha derin kazmamalıyız. |
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