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### Selfishness and Disappearance

When talking about unreturned favors, lost items, or people who abandon you, you will often need adjectives like **nankör** (ungrateful), **çıkarcı** (selfish or opportunist), and **vefasız** (disloyal or unfaithful). 

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To state that an action was done permanently or for good, use the adverb **temelli**.

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You can also describe someone covering their tracks with the phrase **izini kaybettirmek** (literally: to cause one's trace to be lost), or something vanishing completely using the verb **buharlaşmak** (to evaporate).

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### The Irreversible Action Phrase: Gitti O Gidiş

When someone leaves and never comes back, or takes something and never returns it, Turkish uses an expressive, idiomatic structure: **Verb (Past) + o + Verbal Noun**. It translates roughly to "They did X, and that was that," emphasizing that the action was final and irreversible.

To build this phrase:
- Conjugate your verb in the simple past tense, usually in the third person singular (e.g., *gitti*, *kaçtı*, *aldı*).
- Add the pronoun **o** (that).
- Form the verbal noun of the *same* verb by attaching the `-(y)Iş` suffix to the stem (e.g., *gidiş*, *kaçış*, *alış*).

For example, *kaçmak* (to flee) becomes **kaçtı o kaçış** (he fled and that was that).

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This pattern can be applied to many verbs to show that a single action sealed an outcome. Notice how the past tense verb and the `-(y)Iş` noun bookend the pronoun **o**.

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Irreversible actions (gitti o gidiş)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
ungrateful	nankör
value / worth (preciousness or sentimental)	kıymet
The ungrateful man was not appreciating the value of anything.	Nankör adam hiçbir şeyin kıymetini bilmiyordu.
selfish / opportunist (seeking personal gain)	çıkarcı
permanently / for good	temelli
to abandon	terk etmek
The selfish woman must have abandoned her family permanently.	Çıkarcı kadın ailesini temelli terk etmiş olmalı.
disloyal / unfaithful	vefasız
pursuit / back (e.g., after someone)	peş
How did you go after that disloyal person?	O vefasız kişinin peşinden nasıl gittin?
debtor / indebted	borçlu
to cause to lose	kaybettirmek
The debtor must have covered his tracks.	Borçlu izini kaybettirmiş olmalı.
to evaporate / to vanish	buharlaşmak
How did the water evaporate so fast?	Su bu kadar hızlı nasıl buharlaştı?
The debtor fled and that was that, he covered his tracks permanently.	Borçlu kaçtı o kaçış, izini temelli kaybettirdi.
My selfish friend left and that was that, he has no intention of returning.	Çıkarcı arkadaşım gitti o gidiş, geri döneceği yok.
My disloyal husband left the house and that was that, he abandoned us.	Vefasız kocam evden çıktı o çıkış, bizi terk etti.
The ungrateful girl took the bag and that was that, she never brought it back.	Nankör kız çantayı aldı o alış, bir daha getirmedi.
The bird flew away and that was that, we weren't going after it.	Kuş uçtu o uçuş, peşinden gitmiyorduk.
The man's money evaporated from the wallet permanently.	Adamın parası cüzdandan temelli buharlaştı.
The disloyal friend left for good, he did not appreciate the value at all.	Vefasız dost gitti o gidiş, hiç kıymet bilmedi.