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### Indirect Commands: Telling and Ordering

To report commands (like telling someone to wait), Turkish turns the commanded action into a direct object. 

When using reporting verbs like *söylemek* (to tell), *emretmek* (to order), or *tavsiye etmek* (to advise), the person receiving the command takes the dative case (`-a` / `-e` or `-ya` / `-ye`). 

The action itself uses the short verbal noun (`-ma` / `-me`), a possessive suffix indicating who is performing it (usually third-person `-sı` / `-si`), a buffer `-n-`, and the accusative case (`-ı` / `-i`) because it is the object of the reporting verb.

| Verb Stem | Short Noun | Possessive | Accusative | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bekle- | bekleme | beklemesi | beklemesini | his/her waiting (object) |
| açıkla- | açıklama | açıklaması | açıklamasını | his/her explaining (object) |
| bas- | basma | basması | basmasını | his/her stamping (object) |

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Notice how *kaçak yolcuya* (to the illegal passenger) is in the dative case, while *beklemesini* (his waiting) is in the accusative.

### Immigration and Border Control

You can string multiple commands together with *ve* (and); both verbs will take the `-masını` / `-mesini` ending.

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### Indirect Requests with "İstemek"

You can use this same structure with *istemek* (to want) to express wanting someone else to do something. 

However, because *istemek* is an internal desire rather than a direct communication, the person expected to do the action does not take the dative case. Instead, they take the genitive case (`-ın` / `-in`), acting as the grammatical "owner" of the action.

- *adam**a** beklemesini söyledi* (he told the man to wait - dative)
- *adam**ın** beklemesini istedi* (he wanted the man to wait - genitive)

{{item:830751}}

Indirect commands (-masını)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
form	form
to order	emretmek
I know that the officer ordered him to fill out the form.	Memurun ona formu doldurmasını emrettiğini biliyorum.
illegal	kaçak
The officer managed to order the illegal passenger to wait.	Memur, kaçak yolcuya beklemesini emredebildi.
refugee	mülteci
purpose	amaç
finger	parmak
The man is a refugee. The officer told him to explain his purpose and give a fingerprint.	Adam mülteci. Memur ona amacını açıklamasını ve parmak izi vermesini söyledi.
immigrant	göçmen
We told the immigrant to stay at the border, however, he was not listening to us.	Göçmene sınırda kalmasını söyledik, halbuki o bizi dinlemiyordu.
residence	ikamet
The officer told the immigrant to show his residence document.	Memur, göçmene ikamet belgesini göstermesini söyledi.
The diplomat advised the refugee to explain his purpose.	Diplomat, mülteciye amacını açıklamasını tavsiye etti.
stamp (seal, rubber stamp)	mühür
They told the secretary to stamp this form.	Sekretere mührü bu forma basmasını söylediler.
to declare	beyan etmek
The police told the immigrant to declare the illegal goods.	Polis, göçmene kaçak eşyayı beyan etmesini söyledi.
The woman was not answering the questions, therefore the officer told her to wait.	Kadın soruları cevaplamıyordu, bu yüzden memur ona beklemesini söyledi.
We ordered the police to arrest the illegal immigrant.	Polise kaçak göçmeni tutuklamasını emrettik.
The director wanted the immigrant to declare his residence address.	Müdür, göçmenin ikamet adresini beyan etmesini istedi.
The officer ordered the foreigner to leave a fingerprint and stamp the document.	Memur, yabancının parmak izi bırakmasını ve belgeye mühür basmasını emretti.
cheek	yanak
The doctor asked him to show his cheek.	Doktor yanağını göstermesini istedi.
His mother told him to wash his cheeks.	Annesi yanaklarını yıkamasını söyledi.
elbow	dirsek
I asked him to take his elbow off the table.	Dirseğini masadan çekmesini istedim.
The nurse asked her to clean her elbow.	Hemşire dirseğini temizlemesini istedi.

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