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In English, we say we are afraid *of* doing something or tired *of* doing something. In Turkish, you express this using the ablative case (the "from" case).

To apply the ablative case to an action, first turn the verb into a noun using the infinitive suffix **-mak** or **-mek**. Then, attach the ablative suffix.

Because the infinitive always ends in the voiceless consonant **k**, the ablative suffix **-dan** or **-den** mutates to **-tan** or **-ten**. This gives you the combined suffix **-maktan** or **-mekten**.

### Fear and Hesitation

Use this combined suffix before verbs of emotion or avoidance, such as **korkmak** (to be afraid) and **çekinmek** (to hesitate or shy away).

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### Multiple Actions

When listing multiple actions you are afraid of, you can connect them with **ve** (and). Attach the **-maktan** or **-mekten** suffix to every verb in the list.

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### Fatigue and Exhaustion

Verbs describing mental fatigue, like **yorulmak** (to get tired) and **bıkmak** (to be sick of), also require the ablative case.

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### Being Spooked

Other verbs that imply distancing yourself from an action, like **ürkmek** (to be spooked), follow the exact same pattern.

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From doing (-maktan)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
community / public (group, gathering)	topluluk
to blush / to turn red	kızarmak
I am afraid of blushing while speaking in public.	Topluluk önünde konuşurken kızarmaktan korkuyorum.
to shy away / to hesitate	çekinmek
I hesitate to sing in public.	Topluluk önünde şarkı söylemekten çekiniyorum.
podium / rostrum	kürsü
to stutter	kekelemek
I am afraid of stuttering while going up to the podium.	Kürsüye çıkarken kekelemekten korkuyorum.
He got tired of stuttering on the podium.	Kürsüde kekelemekten yoruldu.
phobia	fobi
disgraced	rezil
Are you afraid of being disgraced because of this phobia?	Bu fobi yüzünden rezil olmaktan korkuyor musun?
I am afraid of stuttering and being disgraced.	Kekelemekten ve rezil olmaktan korkuyorum.
mockery	alay
Because of my phobia, I am sick of blushing and being a subject of mockery.	Fobim yüzünden kızarmaktan ve alay konusu olmaktan bıktım.
focus	odak
to be spooked / to shy away (startle)	ürkmek
I am spooked by being the center of attention on stage.	Sahnede ilgi odağı olmaktan ürküyorum.
I neither hesitate to speak nor am I spooked by making mistakes.	Ne konuşmaktan çekiniyorum ne de hata yapmaktan ürküyorum.
I wonder, is she tired of being the center of attention?	Acaba ilgi odağı olmaktan yoruldu mu?
Even I hesitate to go up to the podium.	Ben bile kürsüye çıkmaktan çekiniyorum.
The young speaker is afraid of blushing and being the subject of mockery.	Genç konuşmacı kızarmaktan ve alay konusu olmaktan korkuyor.

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