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### Making Suggestions (Let's)

The first-person plural optative mood is used to propose group activities or make suggestions. In English, it translates to "Let's [do something]".

To form this, add the suffix **-alım** or **-elim** to the verb stem, following two-way vowel harmony. If the verb stem ends in a vowel, use the buffer letter **y** before the suffix (**-yalım** or **-yelim**).

| Verb Stem | Vowel Harmony | Suffix | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| al- (buy) | a, ı, o, u | -alım | alalım (let's buy) |
| seç- (choose) | e, i, ö, ü | -elim | seçelim (let's choose) |
| alkışla- (applaud) | a, ı, o, u | -yalım | alkışlayalım (let's applaud) |
| izle- (watch) | e, i, ö, ü | -yelim | izleyelim (let's watch) |

Like with other vowel-starting suffixes, verbs ending in **t** like *gitmek* (to go) or *davet etmek* (to invite) change their **t** to a **d** (e.g., *gidelim*, *davet edelim*).

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### Asking for Input (Shall we?)

To ask for the group's opinion, use the interrogative form. This translates to "Shall we...?" or "Should we...?".

Add the question particle **mı** or **mi** as a separate word right after the verb.
- Use **mı** after **-alım**.
- Use **mi** after **-elim**.

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First person plural optative (-(y)AlIm)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
show / performance	gösteri
Shall we go to the new show this evening?	Bu akşam yeni gösteriye gidelim mi?
box office / ticket window	gişe
Let's buy the tickets from the box office at half past six.	Biletleri saat altı buçukta gişeden alalım.
row / line	sıra
to reserve / to book	ayırtmak
Let's go to the box office. Shall we book two seats from the front row?	Gişeye gidelim. Ön sıradan iki koltuk ayırtalım mı?
available / free	müsait
festival	festival
Let's find an available day and join the festival.	Müsait bir gün bulalım ve festivale katılalım.
Are you available on the weekend, shall we go to the festival together?	Hafta sonu müsait misin, festivale beraber gidelim mi?
to have fun	eğlenmek
Let's book a place immediately, let's have a lot of fun at the party!	Hemen yer ayırtalım, partide çok eğlenelim!
Let's sit in the very back row.	En arka sıraya oturalım.
Shall we listen to some music and have fun?	Biraz müzik dinleyelim ve eğlenelim mi?
stage	sahne
Let's choose a place closer to the stage.	Sahneye daha yakın bir yer seçelim.
Shall we watch the wonderful show from the front?	Harika gösteriyi önden izleyelim mi?
actor / player	oyuncu
Let's invite the successful actor too.	Başarılı oyuncuyu da davet edelim.
Shall we meet the actors after the show?	Gösteriden sonra oyuncularla tanışalım mı?
to applaud / to clap	alkışlamak
Let's applaud them a lot at the end of the concert.	Konserin sonunda onları çok alkışlayalım.
Let's listen to the song, shall we all applaud together afterwards?	Şarkıyı dinleyelim, sonra hep beraber alkışlayalım mı?
Shall we sit close to the stage?	Sahneye yakın oturalım mı?