To talk about strong necessities, external rules, or things you "have to" do, use the -mak zorunda structure.
Take a verb in its infinitive form (-mak or -mek), add zorunda, and attach the appropriate personal suffix.
First and Second Person
Since zorunda ends in a vowel, add the buffer y for "I" and "we": zorundayım (I have to) and zorundayız (we have to). For "you" and "you all", use zorundasın and zorundasınız.
| I have to close my eyes because the train is very fast. | Gözlerimi kapatmak zorundayım çünkü tren çok hızlı. |
| We have to shout because the music is very loud. | Bağırmak zorundayız çünkü müzik çok yüksek. |
| You have to try this toy without leaving the amusement park. | Lunaparktan çıkmadan bu oyuncağı denemek zorundasın. |
| To enter the amusement park, you have to buy a token. | Lunaparka girmek için jeton almak zorundasınız. |
Third Person
When the subject is "he", "she", "it", or a third-person plural noun, use zorunda without a personal suffix. This is especially common for general rules.
| Babies have to get on the carousel under adult supervision. | Bebekler atlıkarıncaya yetişkin gözetiminde binmek zorunda. |
Using "Olmak" (To Be)
To say someone "has to be" something (like a certain age or in a specific state), use the verb olmak (to be).
| To play this game, you have to be an adult. | Bu oyunu oynamak için yetişkin olmak zorundasın. |
| Small children have to be under adult supervision. | Küçük çocuklar yetişkin gözetiminde olmak zorunda. |
Emphasis in Questions
To ask a question involving an obligation, you can place the question particle (mı, mi, mu, or mü) right after the specific detail you want to emphasize or verify.
| Do I have to give two tokens for the carousel? | Atlıkarınca için iki jeton mu vermek zorundayım? |