Saying and seeming
| to say, to mean | demek |
is *to say* — and, just as usefully, *to mean*: *Bu ne demek?* — *What does this mean?* You already meet it inside *yani* (that is to say).
| to appear, to seem | görünmek |
is the passive-looking partner of *görmek*: not *to see* but **to appear, to seem**. *Yorgun görünüyorsun* — *You look tired.*
Wishing, carrying, catching
| to wish | dilemek |
is *to wish*, the verb behind *özür dilemek* (to apologise) and *başarılar dilerim* (I wish you success).
| to take (something) away | götürmek |
is the counterpart of *getirmek*: to take something **away from** the speaker. English uses *take* for both directions; Turkish does not.
| to catch | yakalamak |
is *to catch* — a ball, a bus, a thief, a cold.
Three more nouns
| difference | fark |
is the *difference* behind *fark etmek* (to notice).
| apology | özür |
is the *apology* behind *özür dilemek*. And
| mind, reason | akıl |
is the *mind* — Turkish locates thought there, as in *aklımda* (on my mind).
| life, soul | can |
is *life* or *soul*, and it is everywhere in affectionate speech: *canım* is a term of endearment for a person you are fond of.