Comparing with 'ise'
To contrast two subjects, Turkish uses the contrastive marker ise ("whereas", "while", or "as for"). Unlike English words that start a clause, ise is placed immediately after the second subject (the one being contrasted).
| whereas / as for (also suffixed as -(y)sA) | ise |
| Twins' faces are the same, whereas their temperaments are different. | İkizlerin yüzleri aynı, mizaçları ise farklı. |
| My older sister is very optimistic, as for me, I am pessimistic. | Ablam çok iyimser, ben ise kötümserim. |
The Suffixed Form: -(y)sa / -(y)se
In everyday speech and writing, ise is often attached directly to the word it follows. It adheres to 2-way vowel harmony:
- After a consonant: -sa or -se
- After a vowel: -ysa or -yse
| My mother is very relaxed, whereas my father is strict. | Annem çok rahat, babamsa kuralcı. |
| I was going to be a painter at university, whereas my older sister preferred the civil service. | Ben üniversitede ressam olacaktım, ablamsa memuriyeti tercih etti. |
You can use the standalone and suffixed forms interchangeably.
| He was going to be a great painter, whereas his brother chose the civil service. | O büyük bir ressam olacaktı, kardeşi ise memuriyeti seçti. |
| Why are they so opposite? Because one is relaxed, whereas the other is strict. | Neden bu kadar zıtlar? Çünkü biri rahat, diğeri ise kuralcı. |
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