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### Forming the simple conditional for states

To say "if someone is..." or "if it is...", attach the conditional copula suffix **-(y)sa** or **-(y)se** directly to a noun or adjective, following 2-way vowel harmony.

If the word ends in a consonant, attach **-sa** or **-se**:

{{item:801707}}

If the word ends in a vowel, insert the buffer letter **y** (**-ysa** or **-yse**):

{{item:801712}}

### Multiple conditions and contrasts

When listing multiple traits connected by *ve* (and), attach the conditional suffix only to the final word.

{{item:801709}}

You can also use words like *ama* (but) to contrast different conditions.

{{item:801713}}

### The negative conditional

To say "if it is not," use the negative word **değil**. Since *değil* ends in a consonant and its last vowel is an *i*, the conditional suffix is always attached as **değilse**.

{{item:801719}}

Conditional states (-(y)sA)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
single (unmarried)	bekâr
relationship	ilişki
If he is single, he is ready for a new relationship.	O bekârsa yeni bir ilişkiye hazır.
honest	dürüst
If the partner is honest, the relationship is easy.	Eş dürüstse ilişki kolay.
generous	cömert
If the man is honest and generous, I wait for him.	Adam dürüst ve cömertse onu beklerim.
stingy	cimri
to fall in love	aşık olmak
If a man is stingy, I do not fall in love with him.	Bir adam cimriyse ona aşık olmam.
If he is generous, okay, but if he is stingy I do not want him.	Cömertse tamam ama cimriyse onu istemem.
jealous	kıskanç
If he is jealous, the relationship is very difficult.	Kıskançsa ilişki çok zor.
If he is very jealous, the relationship is boring.	O çok kıskançsa ilişki sıkıcı.
understanding	anlayışlı
If he is kind and understanding like an angel, I wait for him.	Melek gibi kibar ve anlayışlıysa onu beklerim.
If he is not honest, I do not trust him.	Dürüst değilse ona güvenmem.
loyal	sadık
If he is loyal and single, you are very lucky.	Sadık ve bekârsa çok şanslısın.
romantic	romantik
If the man is loyal and romantic, I am happy.	Adam sadık ve romantikse, ben mutluyum.
If the woman is understanding and romantic, the man falls in love.	Kadın anlayışlı ve romantikse, adam aşık oluyor.
if	eğer
If you are honest, I believe you.	Eğer dürüstsen, sana inanırım.
If he is sick, he will not come.	Eğer hastaysa, gelmez.