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### The Ability Question Form

To ask if someone is able or allowed to do something (such as passing through customs or checking an ID), we combine the positive ability form with the Aorist question structure. 

First, take the verb root and add the ability suffix: **-(y)abil** (for back vowels) or **-(y)ebil** (for front vowels). If the verb root ends in a vowel, add the buffer **-y-** first (e.g., *bekle* → *bekleyebilir*). 
Next, add the Aorist suffix **-ir**. This makes the verb end in **-abilir** or **-ebilir**. 
Finally, add the separate question particle. Because the verb form always ends in the vowel **i**, the question particle is always **mi**.

### Asking About Others: "Can he / she / it...?"

For the third person ("he/she/it"), the question particle takes no personal ending. 

- Can he/she/it: **Verb Root + -(y)abilir / -(y)ebilir mi?**

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### Asking for Permission: "Can I...?" and "Can we...?"

To ask if you or your group are permitted to do something (such as getting a visa at the border), add the first-person endings to the question particle.

- Can I: **Verb Root + -(y)abilir / -(y)ebilir miyim?**
- Can we: **Verb Root + -(y)abilir / -(y)ebilir miyiz?**

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### Making Polite Requests: "Can you...?"

At security checkpoints, you may need to ask someone else to do something. To ask "Can you?" politely or in the plural, add the formal second-person ending **-siniz** to the question particle.

- Can you (formal/plural): **Verb Root + -(y)abilir / -(y)ebilir misiniz?**

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### Asking About Groups: "Can they...?"

When asking if "they" can do something, the plural suffix **-ler** attaches directly to the verb *before* the question particle. 

- Can they: **Verb Root + -(y)abilirler / -(y)ebilirler mi?**

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Asking for permission (-abilir mi?)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
officer	memur
ID card	kimlik
Can the officer see my ID?	Memur kimliğimi görebilir mi?
citizen	vatandaş
Can the officer see the citizen's ID?	Memur vatandaşın kimliğini görebilir mi?
border	sınır
visa	vize
Can I get a visa from the border?	Sınırdan vize alabilir miyim?
Can we get the visa now?	Vizeyi şimdi alabilir miyiz?
Can we cross the border with a car?	Sınırı arabayla geçebilir miyiz?
Can you wait at the border?	Sınırda bekleyebilir misiniz?
customs	gümrük
Can I leave everything at customs?	Her şeyi gümrükte bırakabilir miyim?
Can the customs officer open the suitcase?	Gümrük memuru bavulu açabilir mi?
Can I ask the officer a question?	Memura bir soru sorabilir miyim?
Can a citizen pass through customs?	Bir vatandaş gümrükten geçebilir mi?
security	güvenlik
Can you open the bag for security?	Çantayı güvenlik için açabilir misiniz?
Can security search us here?	Güvenlik bizi burada arayabilir mi?
valid	geçerli
Can we use a valid passport?	Geçerli bir pasaport kullanabilir miyiz?
Can the officer check this document?	Memur bu belgeyi kontrol edebilir mi?
to fill out / to fill (a space)	doldurmak
Can you fill out the paper immediately?	Kağıdı hemen doldurabilir misiniz?
Can I fill out this document with a pen?	Bu belgeyi kalemle doldurabilir miyim?
forbidden	yasak
Can they enter the forbidden place?	Yasak yere girebilirler mi?
Can the officer take the forbidden item?	Memur yasak eşyayı alabilir mi?
Can I cross the border with a valid visa?	Geçerli bir vize ile sınırı geçebilir miyim?