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โลก　ร้อน　ขึ้น　ดังนั้น　น้ำแข็ง　จึง　ละลาย　แทบ　จะ　หมด　ครับ

โลก　ร้อน　ขึ้น　ดังนั้น　น้ำแข็ง　จึง　ละลาย　แทบ　จะ　หมด　ครับ
The world gets hotter; therefore, the ice melts almost completely.
From Lesson 273:Formal cause and effect (ดังนั้น... จึง...)·Thai

Questions & Answers about โลก　ร้อน　ขึ้น　ดังนั้น　น้ำแข็ง　จึง　ละลาย　แทบ　จะ　หมด　ครับ

I see both ดังนั้น and จึง in this sentence. Do they both mean "therefore" and why are they separated?
Yes, they work together to show cause and effect! ดังนั้น starts the result clause (therefore), while จึง must be placed immediately before the verb of that result clause (ละลาย). Using them as a pair is the standard way to link a cause and effect in formal or written Thai.
Why is ขึ้น (up) used after the adjective ร้อน (hot)?
When ขึ้น is placed after an adjective, it shows an increase or a change in state, similar to adding "-er" or saying "gets more..." in English. Here, ร้อน ขึ้น means the world "gets hotter" or "is heating up".
How does the phrase แทบ จะ work before หมด?
แทบ means "almost" or "practically". Pairing it with จะ (will) is a very common Thai pattern to describe something that is on the absolute verge of happening. So แทบ จะ หมด emphasizes that the ice is on the verge of being completely gone.
Why is หมด placed at the very end of the sentence instead of next to the ice?
หมด means "all", "empty", or "completely". In Thai, it often acts as a result word that goes after the main action to show the final outcome. It follows the verb ละลาย (melt) to show that the melting results in the ice being completely gone.

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