Breakdown of Varje fälg är redan polerad och blank.
vara
to be
och
and
redan
already
varje
every, each
fälgen
the rim
polera
to polish (buff to a shine, e.g., cars, floors)
blank
shiny
Questions & Answers about Varje fälg är redan polerad och blank.
Why does this sentence use är polerad instead of the s-passive poleras or blir polerad?
Because it describes a state rather than an ongoing action. Using är creates a stative passive, meaning the polishing happened in the past and we are looking at the finished result. If it were blir polerad or poleras, it would mean the rim is currently undergoing the action of being polished. The word redan (already) is a strong clue that we are talking about a completed state.
Why is the past participle spelled polerad here instead of polerat or polerade?
In a stative passive, the past participle acts just like a regular adjective and must agree with the noun it describes in gender and number. Since fälg is a singular en-word, the participle takes the singular en-word form polerad. If the noun were an ett-word, it would be polerat, and if it were plural, it would be polerade.
Why do we say varje fälg in the singular indefinite form instead of the plural?
The word varje translates to "every" or "each" and always requires the noun to be in the singular indefinite form, exactly like in English (we say "every rim", not "every rims"). Even though it refers to all the rims in a group, grammatically it treats them one by one.
Both polerad and blank describe the rim. Do they function the same way grammatically?
Yes, they function exactly the same way in this sentence, even though blank is a standard adjective and polerad is the past participle of the verb polera (to polish). In Swedish, past participles act as adjectives when describing states (stative passive), which is why they pair seamlessly with normal adjectives using och.
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