Breakdown of Domen kan inte överklagas förrän domaren avslår ansökan.
inte
not
kunna
to be able to, can
förrän
until (in negative sentences)
domaren
the judge
ansökan
the application
överklaga
to appeal
domen
the verdict
avslå
to reject (a proposal, request)
Questions & Answers about Domen kan inte överklagas förrän domaren avslår ansökan.
Why is förrän used here for 'until' instead of tills?
In Swedish, förrän is used for 'until' when the main clause is negative, which is triggered here by inte (kan inte överklagas). If the main clause were positive (for example, 'You must wait until...'), you would use tills.
What is the function of the -s at the end of överklagas?
It creates the passive voice. The active infinitive is överklaga (to appeal). By adding the -s, it becomes överklagas (to be appealed). Because the verdict isn't appealing something itself, but rather is being appealed by someone, the passive form is required.
Why use avslår for 'rejects' instead of a word like nekar?
Avslår (from the infinitive avslå) is a formal, administrative term specifically used for rejecting or denying an application, proposal, or appeal. Nekar is a more general word for denying a fact or refusing someone, making avslår the natural choice for legal or official contexts like en ansökan (an application).
Does förrän trigger any special word order rules here?
Yes, förrän is a subordinating conjunction, meaning it introduces a subordinate clause (domaren avslår ansökan). While the word order here looks like a normal main clause (Subject + Verb + Object), if you needed to add a sentence adverb like alltid or inte to this second half, it would have to go before the verb avslår following the Swedish subordinate clause rule (often called the BIFF rule).
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