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### Participles as Formal Prepositions

In formal correspondence and customer service inquiries, present participles ending in **-ande** or **-ende** often function as prepositions to mean "regarding" or "concerning."

The three most common are **angående**, **beträffande**, and **gällande**. They are largely interchangeable and immediately elevate the formality of your Swedish.

### Angående (Regarding)

**Angående** is the most widely used of the three. It is perfect for stating the purpose of an email or inquiry.

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### Beträffande (Concerning)

**Beträffande** is slightly more formal but works exactly the same way, often pointing the reader toward specific information or documents.

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### Gällande (Regarding / Applying to)

**Gällande** comes from the verb *gälla* (to apply / to be valid). It is a staple in formal correspondence and often starts a sentence to establish the topic right away.

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### Building Formal Sentences

These prepositions pair naturally with professional vocabulary like *bifogad* (attached) and *ytterligare* (further/additional). Just place them directly before the noun phrase they refer to.

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Formal prepositions of reference (angående, beträffande, gällande)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite ending (barnet, hunden)

Indefinite articles and -ar verbs (en, ett)

Basic word order

Singular adjectives (stor, stort)

Plural adjectives (-a)

Sentence negation (inte)

Yes/No questions

Basic question words (vad, vem, var)

Regular Group 2 verbs (-er)

Short verbs and irregulars (har, gör)

The infinitive marker (att)

Modal verbs (kan, vill, måste, får)

Future intention (ska)

Time adverbs (imorgon, igår)

Word order inversion

Adverbs of frequency (ibland, aldrig)

Everyday things (dörren, stolen, tåget)

Definite suffix spelling changes

Plural nouns Group 1 and 2 (-or, -ar)

Plural nouns Group 3 (-er, -r)

Neuter indefinite plurals

Definite plural suffixes (-na, -a, -en)

Object pronouns (mig, dig, oss)

Reflexive pronouns (sig)

Expanded question words (när, varför)

Which and what (vilken, vilket, vilka)

Coordinating conjunctions (men, eller, för)

Prepositions of place (i, på, till, från)

Quantifiers (mycket, många)

Indefinite pronouns (någon, något, några)

First and second person possessives (min, din, vår, er)

Third person possessives (hans, hennes, dess, deras)

Reflexive possessives (sin, sitt, sina)

The genitive (-s)

Adjectives before singular nouns

Adjectives before plural nouns (-a)

Double definiteness (den, det, de)

Demonstratives (den här, det här, de här)

The imperative mood

Past tense of vara and ha (var, hade)

Possessives for names (-s)

Definite plural adjectives (de ... -a)

Genitive case for names (-s)

Numbers 1 to 10 (en, två, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (elva till tjugo)

Counting by tens to 100 (trettio, fyrtio...)

Days of the week (måndag, tisdag...)

Months of the year (januari, februari...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (första, andra...)

Greetings and politeness (hej, tack, förlåt)

Particle verbs of direction (gå ut, komma in)

Simple past: Group 1 (-ade)

Simple past: Group 2a (-de)

Simple past: Group 2b (-te)

Simple past: Group 3 (-dde)

Simple past: Group 4

Present perfect: Groups 1 and 2 (har)

Present perfect: Groups 3 and 4

Past perfect (hade)

Future predictions (kommer att)

Future with present tense

The adjective small (liten, litet, små)

Demonstratives of distance (den där, det där, de där)

Negative pronouns (ingen, inget, inga)

Universal pronouns (all, allt, alla)

The generic pronoun (man, en)

Possessive generic pronoun (ens)

Reciprocal pronoun (varandra)

Qualitative pronouns (sådan, sådant, sådana)

Habitual time expressions (på)

Specific past time expressions (i)

Past time expressions (för ... sedan)

Future time expressions (om)

Location and motion adverbs (här/hit, där/dit)

Consequences (så)

Correlative conjunctions (både ... och)

Either and neither (antingen ... eller, varken ... eller)

Verbs of opinion and belief (tycker, tror, tänker)

Subordinate clauses (att, om)

Time clauses (när, innan, medan)

Clauses of cause (eftersom, därför att)

Negation in subordinate clauses (inte)

V2 word order inversion

Relative clauses as subjects (som)

Relative clauses as objects (som)

Relative clauses for places (där)

Adverbs from adjectives (-t)

Adjective comparative and superlative (-are, -ast)

Question	Answer
regarding	angående
the order	beställningen
I am writing to you regarding the order.	Jag skriver till er angående beställningen.
the attachment	bilagan
concerning	beträffande
Read the attachment concerning your new password.	Läs bilagan beträffande ditt nya lösenord.
regarding	gällande
the refund	återbetalningen
Regarding the refund, it has already been approved.	Gällande återbetalningen har den redan godkänts.
to contact	kontakta
further	ytterligare
Contact customer service if you have further questions.	Kontakta kundtjänsten om du har ytterligare frågor.
the complaint	klagomålet
It is the manager who handles the complaint regarding the invoice.	Det är chefen som hanterar klagomålet angående fakturan.
attached	bifogad
The attached file contains information about your order.	Den bifogade filen innehåller information om din beställning.
Are you missing the attachment regarding the missing package?	Saknar ni bilagan gällande det försvunna paketet?
Contact the bank concerning the refund.	Kontakta banken beträffande återbetalningen.
I hope you contact customer service regarding the invoice.	Jag hoppas du kontaktar kundtjänsten gällande fakturan.
The meeting regarding the delayed project has been cancelled.	Mötet angående det försenade projektet har ställts in.
The complaint regarding the invoice must be handled directly.	Klagomålet gällande fakturan måste hanteras direkt.
I have an additional question regarding the attached invoice.	Jag har ytterligare en fråga angående den bifogade fakturan.