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Esta enfermedad es muy peligrosa.

Esta enfermedad es muy peligrosa.
This disease is very dangerous.
From Lesson 123:Health and emergencies (la salud, las urgencias)·Spanish (Spain)

Questions & Answers about Esta enfermedad es muy peligrosa.

Why does the sentence use Esta instead of Este?
Esta is the feminine form of 'this'. It is used here because it describes enfermedad (disease), which is a feminine noun. A helpful rule of thumb is that Spanish nouns ending in -dad, like enfermedad or ciudad (city), are almost always feminine.
Why do we use es (from ser) here instead of está (from estar)?
While we often use estar for temporary health conditions (like saying estoy enfermo for 'I am sick'), here we are describing the inherent nature of the disease itself. Because being dangerous is a defining characteristic of this specific disease rather than a temporary state, we use es.
Why does peligrosa end in -a?
In Spanish, adjectives must match the gender of the noun they describe. Since enfermedad is a feminine noun, the base masculine adjective peligroso (dangerous) changes to its feminine form, peligrosa.

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