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Spanish (Spain)

### The Verb "Gustar" (To Like)

In Spanish, expressing that you like something works a bit differently. Instead of saying "I like music," the structure is closer to "Music is pleasing to me."

Because of this, the thing you like is the subject, and the person who likes it is represented by an **indirect object pronoun**. 

Here are the pronouns used with **gustar**:

| Pronoun | Meaning |
| --- | --- |
| **me** | to me |
| **te** | to you (informal) |
| **le** | to him / to her / to you (formal) |
| **nos** | to us |
| **os** | to you all (plural, Spain) |
| **les** | to them / to you all (formal) |

### Liking Singular Nouns and Activities

When the thing you like is a single item or an activity (an infinitive verb like *cantar*), use the singular form **gusta**. Use **me** and **te** to talk about yourself or ask a direct question.

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### Talking About Others

To talk about what a third person (he, she, or formal "you") likes, use **le**.

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### We and You All

When talking about what "we" like, use **nos**. When addressing a group of people informally in Spain, use **os**.

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Finally, use **les** to talk about what a group of people ("they") or a formal group ("you all") like.

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Verbs of liking (me gusta)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Question	Answer
to like	gustar
the music	la música
I like the music.	Me gusta la música.
I like to rest on Sunday.	Me gusta descansar el domingo.
to sing	cantar
Do you like to sing?	¿Te gusta cantar?
Do you like this?	¿Te gusta esto?
to him / to her / to you (formal) / him (direct object, male person)	le
to swim	nadar
He likes to swim a lot.	Le gusta mucho nadar.
She likes the music of Spain.	Le gusta la música de España.
We like to sing in the car.	Nos gusta cantar en el coche.
We like to swim at the beach.	Nos gusta nadar en la playa.
to dance	bailar
Do you like to dance?	¿Os gusta bailar?
Do you like that?	¿Os gusta eso?
to them / to you (formal, plural)	les
They like to sleep late.	Les gusta dormir tarde.
They like to go to the cinema.	Les gusta ir al cine.
I like to dance with you.	Me gusta bailar contigo.