Relative pronouns for things (el que, la que)

Relative pronouns with prepositions

In English, we often end sentences with a preposition, like "The folder I keep the project in." In Spanish, a preposition can never end a sentence. Instead, you must structure it as "The folder in which I keep the project."

When referring back to a specific object after a preposition (like en, con, or de), use que paired with the definite article (el, la, los, or las).

The article must agree in gender and number with the noun you are referring back to.

The folder in which I keep the project is new.
La carpeta en la que guardo el proyecto es nueva.
The sticky tape with which I repair the document is here.
El celo con el que reparo el documento está aquí.

Talking about desk organization

You will use this structure frequently when talking about where you store or how you use your office supplies. Notice how the preposition always comes immediately before the relative pronoun.

The box from which I take the staples is empty.
La caja de la que cojo las grapas está vacía.
The marker with which she writes is blue.
El rotulador con el que ella escribe es azul.
The drawer in which I keep the sharpener is red.
El cajón en el que guardo el sacapuntas es rojo.

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